tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-31525326862234635652024-03-13T09:47:44.530-07:00Binatang Khas IndonesiaBagus Maulanahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11494128227832125685noreply@blogger.comBlogger5125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3152532686223463565.post-89567451387303669762012-04-03T17:55:00.002-07:002012-04-03T17:55:18.705-07:00Kesan-kesan Selama Belajar di SMPN 5 Karawang Barat Selama saya Belajar di SMPN5 karawang barat,saya Mendapatkan Banyak Pelajaran<br />
Dari mulai yg kecil hingga yg besar Dalam berbagai hal,Selama saya belajar di SMPN5 Saya bertemu dengan Teman dari mulai kelas 7-9 ,Guru-guru yg saya cintai Yang selalu membimbing Saya Walaupun tidak sedikit<br />
Yang Kesal dengan tingkah laku Kita semua,Mereka tetap Bersabar dan Terus Membimbing Kita semua Hingga akhirnya Kita Semua Sampai Lulus Dari sekolah kita Tercinta SMPN 5 karwang Barat!!!!!!Bagus Maulanahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11494128227832125685noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3152532686223463565.post-67459642328933718012012-03-08T23:22:00.002-08:002012-03-08T23:22:54.001-08:00Elang Jawa<br />
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<a href="http://bagusawara.blogspot.com/2012/03/elang-jawa.html" style="color: #cc6600; display: block; text-decoration: none;">Elang Jawa</a></h3>
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<b>Elang Jawa</b> atau dalam nama ilmiahnya <i><a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nisaetus_bartelsi&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Nisaetus bartelsi (halaman belum tersedia)">Nisaetus bartelsi</a></i> adalah salah satu <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spesies" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Spesies">spesies</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Elang">elang</a> berukuran sedang yang <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endemik" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Endemik">endemik</a> di Pulau <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Jawa">Jawa</a>. Satwa ini dianggap identik dengan lambang negara Republik Indonesia, yaitu <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garuda" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Garuda">Garuda</a>. Dan sejak 1992, burung ini ditetapkan sebagai maskot satwa langka Indonesia</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Identifikasi">IDENTIFIKASI</span></h2>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Spiza_bartel_100109-0176_rag.JPG" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><br /><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="274" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Spiza_bartel_100109-0176_rag.JPG/180px-Spiza_bartel_100109-0176_rag.JPG" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; vertical-align: middle;" width="180" /></a><div class="thumbcaption" style="border-bottom-style: none; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-style: none; border-right-style: none; border-top-style: none; border-width: initial; font-size: 11px; line-height: 1.4em; padding-bottom: 3px !important; padding-left: 3px !important; padding-right: 3px !important; padding-top: 3px !important; text-align: left;">
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Elang jawa (remaja), di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_Binatang_Ragunan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang Ragunan">Ragunan</a></div>
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Elang yang bertubuh sedang sampai besar, langsing, dengan panjang tubuh antara 60-70 <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentimeter" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sentimeter">cm</a> (dari ujung paruh hingga ujung ekor).</div>
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Kepala berwarna coklat kemerahan (kadru), dengan jambul yang tinggi menonjol (2-4 bulu, panjang hingga 12 cm) dan tengkuk yang coklat kekuningan (kadang nampak keemasan bila terkena sinar matahari). Jambul hitam dengan ujung putih; mahkota dan kumis berwarna hitam, sedangkan punggung dan sayap coklat gelap. Kerongkongan keputihan dengan garis (sebetulnya garis-garis) hitam membujur di tengahnya. Ke bawah, ke arah dada, coret-coret hitam menyebar di atas warna kuning kecoklatan pucat, yang pada akhirnya di sebelah bawah lagi berubah menjadi pola garis (coret-coret) rapat melintang merah sawomatang sampai kecoklatan di atas warna pucat keputihan bulu-bulu perut dan kaki. Bulu pada kaki menutup tungkai hingga dekat ke pangkal jari. Ekor kecoklatan dengan empat garis gelap dan lebar melintang yang nampak jelas di sisi bawah, ujung ekor bergaris putih tipis. Betina berwarna serupa, sedikit lebih besar.</div>
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Iris mata kuning atau kecoklatan; paruh kehitaman; sera (daging di pangkal paruh) kekuningan; kaki (jari) kekuningan. Burung muda dengan kepala, leher dan sisi bawah tubuh berwarna coklat <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kayu_manis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kayu manis">kayu manis</a> terang, tanpa coretan atau garis-garis.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-mackinnon1993_104_1-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-mackinnon1993_104-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup></div>
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Ketika terbang, elang Jawa serupa dengan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_brontok" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Elang brontok">elang brontok</a> (<i>Nisaetus cirrhatus</i>) bentuk terang, namun cenderung nampak lebih kecoklatan, dengan perut terlihat lebih gelap, serta berukuran sedikit lebih kecil.</div>
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Bunyi nyaring tinggi, berulang-ulang, <i>klii-iiw</i> atau <i>ii-iiiw</i>, bervariasi antara satu hingga tiga suku kata. Atau bunyi bernada tinggi dan cepat <i>kli-kli-kli-kli-kli</i>. Sedikit banyak, suaranya ini mirip dengan suara elang brontok meski perbedaannya cukup jelas dalam nadanya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-sozerdkk_2-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-sozerdkk-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Penyebaran.2C_ekologi_dan_konservasi"><br />PENYEBARAN, EKOLOGI DAN KONSERVASI</span></h2>
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Elang_Jawa_Spizaetus_bartelsi_Bandung_Zoo_2.JPG" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: none !important; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: none !important; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: none !important; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: none !important; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial !important; display: block; padding-bottom: 4px; padding-left: 4px; padding-right: 4px; padding-top: 4px; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Elang Jawa, Kebun Binatang Bandung</div>
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Sebaran elang ini terbatas di Pulau Jawa, dari ujung barat (<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon">Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon</a>) hingga ujung timur di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Alas_Purwo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Alas Purwo">Semenanjung Blambangan Purwo</a>. Namun demikian penyebarannya kini terbatas di wilayah-wilayah dengan hutan primer dan di daerah perbukitan berhutan pada peralihan dataran rendah dengan pegunungan. Sebagian besar ditemukan di separuh belahan selatan Pulau Jawa. Agaknya burung ini hidup berspesialisasi pada wilayah berlereng. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-balendkk_1_3-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-balendkk_1-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></div>
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Elang Jawa menyukai ekosistem hutan hujan tropika yang selalu hijau, di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dataran_rendah" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Dataran rendah">dataran rendah</a> maupun pada tempat-tempat yang lebih tinggi. Mulai dari wilayah dekat pantai seperti di Ujung Kulon dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Meru_Betiri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Meru Betiri">Meru Betiri</a>, sampai ke hutan-hutan pegunungan bawah dan atas hingga ketinggian 2.200 m dan kadang-kadang 3.000 m <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dpl.&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Dpl. (halaman belum tersedia)">dpl.</a></div>
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Pada umumnya tempat tinggal elang jawa sukar untuk dicapai, meski tidak selalu jauh dari lokasi aktivitas manusia. Agaknya burung ini sangat tergantung pada keberadaan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutan_primer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hutan primer">hutan primer</a> sebagai tempat hidupnya. Walaupun ditemukan elang yang menggunakan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hutan_sekunder&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Hutan sekunder (halaman belum tersedia)">hutan sekunder</a> sebagai tempat berburu dan bersarang, akan tetapi letaknya berdekatan dengan hutan primer yang luas.</div>
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<a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Burung_pemangsa&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Burung pemangsa (halaman belum tersedia)">Burung pemangsa</a> ini berburu dari tempat bertenggernya di pohon-pohon tinggi dalam hutan. Dengan sigap dan tangkas menyergap aneka mangsanya yang berada di dahan pohon maupun yang di atas tanah, seperti pelbagai jenis <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reptil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Reptil">reptil</a>, burung-burung sejenis <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Walik&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Walik (halaman belum tersedia)">walik</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punai" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Punai">punai</a>, dan bahkan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Ayam">ayam</a> kampung. Juga <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Mamalia">mamalia</a> berukuran kecil sampai sedang seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupai" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tupai">tupai</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bajing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bajing">bajing</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalong" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kalong">kalong</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musang_luwak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Musang luwak">musang</a>, sampai dengan anak <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monyet" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Monyet">monyet</a>.</div>
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Masa bertelur tercatat mulai bulan Januari hingga Juni. Sarang berupa tumpukan ranting-ranting berdaun yang disusun tinggi, dibuat di cabang pohon setinggi 20-30 di atas tanah. Telur berjumlah satu butir, yang dierami selama kurang-lebih 47 hari.</div>
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Pohon sarang merupakan jenis-jenis pohon hutan yang tinggi, seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasamala" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Rasamala">rasamala</a> (<i>Altingia excelsa</i>), <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pasang&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Pasang (halaman belum tersedia)">pasang</a> (<i>Lithocarpus</i> dan <i>Quercus</i>), <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tusam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tusam">tusam</a> (<i>Pinus merkusii</i>), <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puspa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Puspa">puspa</a> (<i>Schima wallichii</i>), dan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ki_sireum&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Ki sireum (halaman belum tersedia)">ki sireum</a>(<i>Eugenia clavimyrtus</i>). Tidak selalu jauh berada di dalam hutan, ada pula sarang-sarang yang ditemukan hanya sejarak 200-300 m dari tempat rekreasi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-sozerdkk_2-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-sozerdkk-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup></div>
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Di habitatnya, elang Jawa menyebar jarang-jarang. Sehingga meskipun luas daerah agihannya, total jumlahnya hanya sekitar 137-188 pasang burung, atau perkiraan jumlah individu elang ini berkisar antara 600-1.000 ekor.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-balendkk_2_4-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-balendkk_2-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup> Populasi yang kecil ini menghadapi ancaman besar terhadap kelestariannya, yang disebabkan oleh kehilangan habitat dan eksploitasi jenis. <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pembalakan_liar" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pembalakan liar">Pembalakan liar</a> dan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konversi_hutan&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Konversi hutan (halaman belum tersedia)">konversi hutan</a> menjadi lahan pertanian telah menyusutkan tutupan hutan primer di Jawa.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-balendkk_3_5-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-balendkk_3-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Dalam pada itu, elang ini juga terus diburu orang untuk diperjual belikan di pasar gelap sebagai satwa peliharaan. Karena kelangkaannya, memelihara burung ini seolah menjadi kebanggaan tersendiri, dan pada gilirannya menjadikan harga burung ini melambung tinggi.</div>
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Mempertimbangkan kecilnya populasi, wilayah agihannya yang terbatas dan tekanan tinggi yang dihadapi itu, organisasi konservasi dunia <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="IUCN">IUCN</a> memasukkan elang Jawa ke dalam status EN (<i>Endangered</i>, terancam kepunahan). <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-iucn_6-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-iucn-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup> Demikian pula, Pemerintah Indonesia menetapkannya sebagai hewan yang dilindungi oleh undang-undang.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-noerdjito2001_47_7-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-noerdjito2001_47-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Catatan_taksonomis"><br />CATATAN TAKSONOMIS</span></h2>
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Sesungguhnya keberadaan elang Jawa telah diketahui sejak sedini tahun 1820, tatkala <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Johan_Coenrad_van_Hasselt&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Johan Coenrad van Hasselt (halaman belum tersedia)">van Hasselt</a> dan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heinrich_Kuhl&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Heinrich Kuhl (halaman belum tersedia)">Kuhl</a> mengoleksi dua spesimen burung ini dari kawasan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Salak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gunung Salak">Gunung Salak</a> untuk Museum Leiden, Negeri <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belanda" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Belanda">Belanda</a>. Akan tetapi pada masa itu hingga akhir abad-19, spesimen-spesimen burung ini masih dianggap sebagai jenis <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_brontok" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Elang brontok">elang brontok</a>.</div>
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Baru di tahun 1908, atas dasar spesimen koleksi yang dibuat oleh <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Max_Bartels&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Max Bartels (halaman belum tersedia)">Max Bartels</a> dari Pasir Datar, Sukabumi pada tahun 1907, seorang pakar burung di Negeri <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerman" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Jerman">Jerman</a>, O. Finsch, mengenalinya sebagai<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takson" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Takson">takson</a> yang baru. Ia mengiranya sebagai anak jenis dari <i>Spizaetus kelaarti</i>, sejenis elang yang ada di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lanka" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>. Sampai kemudian pada tahun 1924, Prof. <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erwin_Stresemann&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Erwin Stresemann (halaman belum tersedia)">Stresemann</a> memberi nama takson baru tersebut dengan epitet spesifik <i>bartelsi</i>, untuk menghormati Max Bartels di atas, dan memasukkannya sebagai anak jenis elang gunung <i><a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spizaetus_nipalensis&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Spizaetus nipalensis (halaman belum tersedia)">Spizaetus nipalensis</a></i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-sozerdkk_2-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-sozerdkk-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup></div>
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Demikianlah, burung ini kemudian dikenal dunia dengan nama ilmiah <i>Spizaetus nipalensis bartelsi</i>, hingga akhirnya pada tahun 1953 D. Amadon mengusulkan untuk menaikkan peringkatnya dan mendudukkannya ke dalam jenis yang tersendiri, <i>Spizaetus bartelsi</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-amadon_8-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang_Jawa#cite_note-amadon-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a><br /><br /><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19px;">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia</span></sup></div>
</div>Bagus Maulanahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11494128227832125685noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3152532686223463565.post-46421113175620660232012-03-05T00:16:00.003-08:002012-03-05T00:29:11.412-08:00Badak jawa(Rhinoceros sondaicus)<br />
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<b>Badak jawa</b> atau <b>Badak bercula-satu kecil</b> (<i>Rhinoceros sondaicus</i>) adalah anggota famili <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinocerotidae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Rhinocerotidae">Rhinocerotidae</a> dan satu dari lima <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Badak">badak</a> yang masih ada. Badak ini masuk ke genus yang sama dengan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_india" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Badak india">badak india</a> dan memiliki kulit bermosaik yang menyerupai baju baja. Badak ini memiliki panjang 3,1–3,2 m dan tinggi 1,4–1,7 m. Badak ini lebih kecil daripada badak india dan lebih dekat dalam besar tubuh dengan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_hitam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Badak hitam">badak hitam</a>. Ukuran culanya biasanya lebih sedikit daripada 20 cm, lebih kecil daripada cula spesies badak lainnya.</div>
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Badak ini pernah menjadi salah satu badak di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia">Asia</a> yang paling banyak menyebar. Meski disebut "badak jawa", binatang ini tidak terbatas hidup di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Jawa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pulau Jawa">Pulau Jawa</a> saja, tapi di seluruh <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusantara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Nusantara">Nusantara</a>, sepanjang <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tenggara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia Tenggara">Asia Tenggara</a> dan di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="India">India</a> serta <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiongkok" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>. Spesies ini kini statusnya sangat kritis, dengan hanya sedikit populasi yang ditemukan di alam bebas, dan tidak ada di kebun binatang. Badak ini kemungkinan adalah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Mamalia">mamalia</a> terlangka di bumi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dinerstein_3-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Dinerstein-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Populasi 40-50 badak hidup di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon">Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon</a> di pulau <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Jawa">Jawa</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. Populasi badak Jawa di alam bebas lainnya berada di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Cat_Tien" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Cat Tien">Taman Nasional Cat Tien</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> dengan perkiraan populasi tidak lebih dari delapan pada tahun <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="2007">2007</a>. Berkurangnya populasi badak jawa diakibatkan oleh perburuan untuk diambil culanya, yang sangat berharga pada pengobatan tradisional <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiongkok" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a>, dengan harga sebesar $30.000 per kilogram di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasar_gelap" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pasar gelap">pasar gelap</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dinerstein_3-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Dinerstein-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup>Berkurangnya populasi badak ini juga disebabkan oleh kehilangan habitat, yang terutama diakibatkan oleh perang, seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Vietnam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Perang Vietnam">perang Vietnam</a> di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tenggara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia Tenggara">Asia Tenggara</a> juga menyebabkan berkurangnya populasi badak Jawa dan menghalangi pemulihan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Santiapillai_4-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Santiapillai-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup> Tempat yang tersisa hanya berada di dua daerah yang dilindungi, tetapi badak jawa masih berada pada risiko diburu, peka terhadap penyakit dan menciutnya keragaman genetik menyebabkannya terganggu dalam berkembangbiak. <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWF" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="WWF">WWF</a> Indonesia mengusahakan untuk mengembangkan kedua bagi badak jawa karena jika terjadi serangan penyakit atau bencana alam seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a>, letusan gunung berapi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krakatau" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Krakatau">Krakatau</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gempa_bumi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gempa bumi">gempa bumi</a>, populasi badak jawa akan langsung punah.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-habitat_5-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-habitat-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Selain itu, karena invasi langkap (<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenga" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Arenga">arenga</a>) dan kompetisi dengan banteng untuk ruang dan sumber, maka populasinya semakin terdesak.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-habitat_5-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-habitat-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Kawasan yang diidentifikasikan aman dan relatif dekat adalah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Halimun" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Halimun">Taman Nasional Halimun</a> di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Salak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gunung Salak">Gunung Salak</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawa_Barat" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Jawa Barat">Jawa Barat</a> yang pernah menjadi habitat badak Jawa.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-habitat_5-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-habitat-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Badak jawa dapat hidup selama 30-45 tahun di alam bebas. Badak ini hidup di hutan hujan dataran rendah, padang rumput basah dan daerah daratan banjir besar. Badak jawa kebanyakan bersifat tenang, kecuali untuk masa kenal-mengenal dan membesarkan anak, walaupun suatu kelompok kadang-kadang dapat berkumpul di dekat kubangan dan tempat mendapatkan mineral. Badak dewasa tidak memiliki <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predator" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Predator">hewan pemangsa sebagai musuh</a>. Badak jawa biasanya menghindari manusia, tetapi akan menyerang manusia jika merasa diganggu. Peneliti dan pelindung alam jarang meneliti binatang itu secara langsung karena kelangkaan mereka dan adanya bahaya mengganggu sebuah spesies terancam. Peneliti menggunakan kamera dan sampel kotoran untuk mengukur kesehatan dan tingkah laku mereka. Badak Jawa lebih sedikit dipelajari daripada spesies badak lainnya.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Taksonomi_dan_penamaan"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"><br />Penelitian pertama badak jawa dilakukan oleh penyelidik alam dari luar daerah tersebut pada tahun </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1787" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="1787">1787</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">, ketika dua binatang ditembak di Jawa. Tulang badak Jawa dikirim pada penyelidik alam </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belanda" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Belanda">Belanda</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrus_Camper" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Petrus Camper">Petrus Camper</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">, yang meninggal tahun </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1789" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="1789">1789</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"> sebelum sempat menerbitkan penemuannya bahwa badak Jawa adalah spesies istimewa. Badak Jawa lainnya ditembak di </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Sumatra" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Pulau Sumatra">Pulau Sumatra</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"> oleh </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Duvaucel" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Alfred Duvaucel">Alfred Duvaucel</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"> yang mengirim spesimennya ke ayah tirinya,</span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Cuvier" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Georges Cuvier">Georges Cuvier</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">, ilmuwan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perancis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Perancis">Perancis</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"> yang terkenal. Cuvier menyadari binatang ini sebagai spesies istimewa tahun </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1822" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="1822">1822</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">, dan pada tahun yang sama diidentifikasi oleh </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anselme_Ga%C3%ABtan_Desmarest" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest">Anselme Gaëtan Desmarest</a><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;"> sebagai </span><i style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">Rhinoceros sondaicus</i><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">. Spesies ini adalah spesies badak terakhir yang diidentifikasi.</span><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Rookmaaker_6-0" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Rookmaaker-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 13px;">Desmarest pada awalnya mengidentifikasi badak ini berasal dari Jawa, tetapi nantinya mengubahnya dan mengatakan spesimennya berasal dari pulau Jawa.</span><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Zeitschrift_1-1" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Zeitschrift-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup><br />Taksonomi dan penamaan</span></h2>
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Nama genusnya <i><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Rhinoceros">Rhinoceros</a></i>, yang didalamnya juga terdapat <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_India" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Badak India">badak India</a>, berasal dari <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>: <i>rhino</i> berarti <i>hidung</i>, dan <i>ceros</i> berarti <i>tanduk</i>;<i>sondaicus</i> berasal dari kata <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunda" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunda">Sunda</a>, daerah yang meliputi pulau Sumatra, Jawa, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a> dan kepulauan kecil disekitarnya. Badak Jawa juga disebut badak bercula-satu kecil (sebagai perbedaan dengan badak bercula-satu besar, nama lain <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_India" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Badak India">badak India</a>).</div>
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Terdapat tiga subspesies, yang hanya dua subspesies yang masih ada, sementara satu subspesies telah punah:</div>
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<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i><b>Rhinoceros sondaicus sondaicus</b></i>, tipe subspesies yang diketahui sebagai <i>badak Jawa Indonesia'</i> yang pernah hidup di Pulau Jawa dan Sumatra. Kini populasinya hanya sekitar 40-50 di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon">Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon</a> yang terletak di ujung barat Pulau Jawa. Satu peneliti mengusulkan bahwa badak jawa di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> masuk ke dalam subspesies yang berbeda, <i>R.s. floweri</i>, tetapi hal ini tidak diterima secara luas.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-7" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CG_8-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-CG-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i><b>Rhinoceros sondaicus annamiticus</b></i>, diketahui sebagai <b>Badak Jawa Vietnam</b> atau <b>Badak vietnam</b>, yang pernah hidup di sepanjang <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>,<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamboja" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kamboja">Kamboja</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laos" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>. <i>Annamiticus</i> berasal dari <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deretan_Annam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Deretan Annam">deretan pegunungan Annam</a> di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tenggara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia Tenggara">Asia Tenggara</a>, bagian dari tempat hidup spesies ini. Kini populasinya diperkirakan lebih sedikit dari 12, hidup di hutan daratan rendah di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Cat_Tien" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Cat Tien">Taman Nasional Cat Tien</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>. Analisis genetika memberi kesan bahwa dua subspesies yang masih ada memiliki leluhur yang sama antara 300.000 dan 2 juta tahun yang lalu.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CG_8-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-CG-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-9" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[10]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><i><b>Rhinoceros sondaicus inermis</b></i>, diketahui sebagai <b>Badak jawa india</b>, pernah hidup di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benggala" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Benggala">Benggala</a> sampai <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Burma">Burma</a> (Myanmar), tetapi dianggap punah pada dasawarsa awal tahun <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1900-an" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1900-an">1900-an</a>. <i>Inermis</i>berarti <i>tanpa cula</i>, karena karakteristik badak ini adalah cula kecil pada badak jantan, dan tak ada cula pada betina. Spesimen spesies ini adalah betina yang tidak memiliki cula. Situasi politik di<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Burma">Burma</a> mencegah taksiran spesies ini di negara itu, tetapi keselamatannya dianggap tak dapat dipercaya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Foose_10-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Foose-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Pachy_11-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Pachy-11" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[12]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NE_India_12-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-NE_India-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup></li>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Evolusi"><br />Evolusi</span></h3>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Panzernashorn2004.jpg&filetimestamp=20110428194211" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="151" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Panzernashorn2004.jpg/220px-Panzernashorn2004.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Panzernashorn2004.jpg&filetimestamp=20110428194211" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_India" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Badak India">Badak India</a> berhubungan dekat dengan badak Jawa; mereka adalah dua anggota tipe genus badak.</div>
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Leluhur badak pertama kali terbagi dari <i><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perissodactyl" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Perissodactyl">Perissodactyl</a></i> lainnya pada masa <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eosen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Eosen">Eosen awal</a>. Perbandingan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="DNA">DNA</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mitokondria" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Mitokondria">mitokondria</a> memberikan kesan bahwa leluhur badak modern terbagi dari leluhur <i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equidae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Equidae">Equidae</a></i> sekitar 50 juta tahun yang lalu.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-DNA_13-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-DNA-13" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[14]</a></sup> Famili yang masih ada, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinocerotidae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Rhinocerotidae">Rhinocerotidae</a>, pertama kali muncul pada Eosen akhir di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a>, dan leluhur spesies badak modern terbagi dari Asia pada awal <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miosen" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Miosen">Miosen</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Lacombat_14-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Lacombat-14" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[15]</a></sup></div>
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Badak jawa dan badak india adalah satu-satunya anggota genus <i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhinoceros_(genus)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Rhinoceros (genus)">Rhinoceros</a></i> yang pertama kali muncul pada rekaman <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fosil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Fosil">fosil</a> di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia">Asia</a> sekitar 1,6 juta-3,3 juta tahun yang lalu. Perkiraan molekul memberikan kesan bahwa spesies telah terbagi lebih awal, sekitar 11,7 juta tahun yang lalu.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Tougard_15-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Tougard-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[16]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-DNA_13-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-DNA-13" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[14]</a></sup> Walaupun masuk ke dalam tipe genus, badak Jawa dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/India" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="India">India</a> dipercaya tidak berhubungan dekat dengan spesies badak lainnya. Penelitian berbeda telah mengeluarkan hipotesis bahwa mereka mungkin berhubungan dekat dengan <i>Gaindetherium</i> atau <i>Punjabitherium</i> yang telah punah. Analisis <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klad" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Klad">klad</a> Rhinocerotidae meletakkan<i>Rhinoceros</i> dan <i>Punjabitherium</i> yang telah punah pada klad dengan <i><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dicerorhinus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Dicerorhinus">Dicerorhinus</a></i>, badak Sumatra. Penelitian lain mengusulkan bahwa <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_Sumatra" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Badak Sumatra">badak Sumatra</a> lebih berhubungan dekat dengan dua spesies badak di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrika" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Cerdeno_16-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Cerdeno-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Badak Sumatra dapat terbagi dari badak Asia lainnya 15 juta tahun yang lalu.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Lacombat_14-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Lacombat-14" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[15]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dinerstein_3-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Dinerstein-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Deskripsi"><br />Deskripsi</span></h2>
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Badak jawa lebih kecil daripada sepupunya, badak india, dan memiliki besar tubuh yang dekat dengan badak hitam. Panjang tubuh badak Jawa (termasuk kepalanya) dapat lebih dari 3,1–3,2 m dan mencapai tinggi 1,4–1,7 m. Badak dewasa dilaporkan memiliki berat antara 900 dan 2.300 kilogram. Penelitian untuk mengumpulkan pengukuran akurat badak Jawa tidak pernah dilakukan dan bukan prioritas.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dinerstein_3-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Dinerstein-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Tidak terdapat perbedaan besar antara jenis kelamin, tetapi badak Jawa betina ukuran tubuhnya dapat lebih besar. Badak di Vietnam lebih kecil daripada di Jawa berdasarkan penelitian bukti melalui foto dan pengukuran jejak kaki mereka..<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-van_Strien_17-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-van_Strien-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup></div>
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Seperti sepupunya di India, badak jawa memiliki satu cula (spesies lain memiliki dua cula). Culanya adalah cula terkecil dari semua badak, biasanya lebih sedikit dari 20 cm dengan yang terpanjang sepanjang 27 cm. Badak jawa jarang menggunakan culanya untuk bertarung, tetapi menggunakannya untuk memindahkan lumpur di kubangan, untuk menarik tanaman agar dapat dimakan, dan membuka jalan melalui vegetasi tebal. Badak Jawa memiliki bibir panjang, atas dan tinggi yang membantunya mengambil makanan. <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigi_seri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gigi seri">Gigi serinya</a> panjang dan tajam; ketika badak jawa bertempur, mereka menggunakan gigi ini. Di belakang gigi seri, enam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigi_geraham" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gigi geraham">gigi geraham</a> panjang digunakan untuk mengunyah tanaman kasar. Seperti semua badak, badak jawa memiliki penciuman dan pendengaran yang baik tetapi memiliki pandangan mata yang buruk. Mereka diperkirakan hidup selama 30 sampai 45 tahun.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-van_Strien_17-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-van_Strien-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup></div>
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Kulitnya yang sedikit berbulu, berwarna abu-abu atau abu-abu-coklat membungkus pundak, punggung dan pantat. Kulitnya memiliki pola mosaik alami yang menyebabkan badak memiliki perisai. Pembungkus leher badak Jawa lebih kecil daripada badak india, tetapi tetap membentuk bentuk pelana pada pundak. Karena risiko mengganggu spesies terancam, badak jawa dipelajari melalui sampel kotoran dan kamera. Mereka jarang ditemui, diamati atau diukur secara langsung.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NatPost_18-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-NatPost-18" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[19]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Penyebaran_dan_habitat"><br />Penyebaran dan habitat</span></h2>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Ujungkulon.jpg&filetimestamp=20041217172109" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="165" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Ujungkulon.jpg/220px-Ujungkulon.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Ujungkulon.jpg&filetimestamp=20041217172109" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon">Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon</a> di Jawa adalah habitat bagi sisa badak Jawa yang masih hidup.</div>
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Perkiraan yang paling optimistis memperkirakan bahwa lebih sedikit dari 100 badak Jawa masih ada di alam bebas. Mereka dianggap sebagai mamalia yang paling terancam; walaupun masih terdapat badak Sumatra yang tempat hidupnya tidak dilindungi seperti badak Jawa, dan beberapa pelindung alam menganggap mereka memiliki risiko yang lebih besar. Badak Jawa diketahui masih hidup di dua tempat, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon">Taman Nasional Ujung Kulon</a> di ujung barat pulau Jawa dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Cat_Tien" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Cat Tien">Taman Nasional Cat Tien</a> yang terletak sekitar 150 km sebelah utara <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Ho_Chi_Minh" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kota Ho Chi Minh">Kota Ho Chi Minh</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CG_8-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-CG-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NYT_19-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-NYT-19" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[20]</a></sup></div>
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Binatang ini pernah menyebar dari <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Assam">Assam</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benggala" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Benggala">Benggala</a> (tempat tinggal mereka akan saling melengkapi antara badak Sumatra dan India di tempat tersebut<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NE_India_12-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-NE_India-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup>) ke arah timur sampai <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmar" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thailand" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamboja" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kamboja">Kamboja</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laos" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Laos">Laos</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, dan ke arah selatan di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenanjung_Malaya" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Semenanjung Malaya">semenanjung Malaya</a>, serta pulau <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Jawa">Jawa</a> dan<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Raffles_20-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Raffles-20" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[21]</a></sup> Badak Jawa hidup di hutan hujan dataran rendah, rumput tinggi dan tempat tidur alang-alang yang banyak dengan sungai, dataran banjir besar atau daerah basah dengan banyak kubangan lumpur. Walaupun dalam sejarah badak jawa menyukai daerah rendah, subspesies di Vietnam terdorong menuju tanah yang lebih tinggi (diatas 2.000 m), yang disebabkan oleh gangguan dan perburuan oleh manusia.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Foose_10-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Foose-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup></div>
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Tempat hidup badak jawa telah menyusut selama 3.000 tahun terakhir, dimulai sekitar tahun 1000 SM, tempat hidup di utara badak ini meluas ke Tongkok, tetapi mulai bergerak ke selatan secara kasar pada 0.5 km per tahun karena penetap manusia meningkat di daerah itu.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Biotropica_21-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Biotropica-21" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[22]</a></sup> Badak ini mulai punah di India pada dekade awal abad ke-20.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NE_India_12-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-NE_India-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup> Badak Jawa diburu sampai kepunahan di semenanjung Malaysia tahun 1932.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Straits_22-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Straits-22" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[23]</a></sup> Pada akhir <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Vietnam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Perang Vietnam">perang Vietnam</a>, badak Vietnam dipercaya punah sepanjang tanah utama Asia. Pemburu lokal dan penebang hutan di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamboja" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kamboja">Kamboja</a> mengklaim melihat badak jawa di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegunungan_Cardamom" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pegunungan Cardamom">Pegunungan Cardamom</a>, tetapi survey pada daerah tersebut gagal menemukan bukti.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-FFI_23-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-FFI-23" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[24]</a></sup> Populasi badak Jawa juga mungkin ada di pulau <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a>, walaupun spesimen tersebut mungkin merupakan badak Sumatra, populasi kecil yang masih hidup disana.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Raffles_20-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Raffles-20" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[21]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Sifat"><br />Sifat</span></h2>
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Badak jawa adalah binatang tenang dengan pengecualian ketika mereka berkembang biak dan apabila seekor inang mengasuh anaknya. Kadang-kadang mereka akan berkerumun dalam kelompok kecil di tempat mencari mineral dan kubangan lumpur. Berkubang di lumpur adalah sifat umum semua badak untuk menjaga suhu tubuh dan membantu mencegah penyakit dan parasit. Badak jawa tidak menggali kubangan lumpurnya sendiri dan lebih suka menggunakan kubangan binatang lainnya atau lubang yang muncul secara alami, yang akan menggunakan culanya untuk memperbesar. Tempat mencari mineral juga sangat penting karena nutrisi untuk badak diterima dari garam. Wilayahi jantan lebih besar dibandingkan betina dengan besar wilayah jantan 12–20 km² dan wilayah betina yang diperkirakan 3–14 km². Wilayah jantan lebih besar daripada wilayah wanita. Tidak diketahui apakah terdapat pertempuran teritorial.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IZY_24-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-IZY-24" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[25]</a></sup></div>
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Jantan menandai wilayah mereka dengan tumpukan kotoran dan percikan urin. Goresan yang dibuat oleh kaki di tanah dan gulungan pohon muda juga digunakan untuk komunikasi. Anggota spesies badak lainnya memiliki kebiasaan khas membuang air besar pada tumpukan kotoran badak besar dan lalu menggoreskan kaki belakangnya pada kotoran. Badak Sumatra dan Jawa ketika buang air besar di tumpukan, tidak melakukan goresan. Adaptasi sifat ini diketahui secara ekologi; di hutan hujan Jawa dan Sumatera, metode ini mungkin tidak berguna untuk menyebar bau.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IZY_24-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-IZY-24" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[25]</a></sup></div>
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Badak jawa memiliki lebih sedikit suara daripada badak sumatra; sangat sedikit suara badak jawa yang diketahui. Badak Jawa dewasa tidak memiliki musuh alami selain manusia. Spesies ini, terutama sekali di Vietnam, adalah spesies yang melarikan diri ke hutan ketika manusia mendekat sehingga sulit untuk meneliti badak.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Santiapillai_4-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Santiapillai-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup> Ketika manusia terlalu dekat dengan badak jawa, badak itu akan menjadi agresif dan akan menyerang, menikam dengan gigi serinya di rahang bawah sementara menikam keatas dengan kepalanya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IZY_24-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-IZY-24" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[25]</a></sup> Sifat anti-sosialnya mungkin merupakan adaptasi tekanan populasi; bukti sejarah mengusulkan bahwa spesies ini pernah lebih berkelompok.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-CG_8-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-CG-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Makanan"><br />Makanan</span></h3>
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Badak jawa adalah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbivora" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Herbivora">hewan herbivora</a> dan makan bermacam-macam spesies tanaman, terutama <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tunas">tunas</a>, ranting, daun-daunan muda dan buah yang jatuh. Kebanyakan tumbuhan disukai oleh spesies ini tumbuh di daerah yang terkena sinar matahari: pada pembukaan hutan, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semak-semak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Semak-semak">semak-semak</a> dan tipe vegetasi lainnya tanpa pohon besar. Badak menjatuhkan pohon muda untuk mencapai makanannya dan mengambilnya dengan bibir atasnya yang dapat memegang. Badak Jawa adalah pemakan yang paling dapat beradaptasi dari semua spesies badak. Badak diperkirakan makan 50 kg makanan per hari. Seperti badak Sumatra, spesies badak ini memerlukan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Garam">garam</a> untuk makanannya. Tempat mencari mineral umum tidak ada di Ujung Kulon, tetapi badak Jawa terlihat minum air laut untuk nutrisi sama yang dibutuhkan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-van_Strien_17-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-van_Strien-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Reproduksi"><br />Reproduksi</span></h3>
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Sifat seksual badak Jawa sulit dipelajari karena spesies ini jarang diamati secara langsung dan tidak ada kebun binatang yang memiliki spesimennya. Betina mencapai kematangan seksual pada usia 3-4 tahun sementara kematangan seksual jantan pada umur 6. Kemungkinan untuk hamil diperkirakan muncul pada periode 16-19 bulan. Interval kelahiran spesies ini 4–5 tahun dan anaknya membuat berhenti pada waktu sekitar 2 tahun. Empat spesies badak lainnya memiliki sifat pasangan yang mirip.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IZY_24-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-IZY-24" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[25]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Konservasi"><br />Konservasi</span></h2>
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berkas:Javan_Rhino_Zimmerman.jpg&filetimestamp=20100919081327" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Lukisan tahun <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1861" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1861">1861</a> menggambarkan perburuan badak Jawa.</div>
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Faktor utama berkurangnya populasi badak Jawa adalah perburuan untuk culanya, masalah yang juga menyerang semua spesies badak. Cula badak menjadi komoditas perdagangan di Tiongkok selama 2.000 tahun yang digunakan sebagai obat untuk pengobatan tradisional Tiongkok. Secara historis kulitnya digunakan untuk membuat baju baja tentara Tiongkok dan suku lokal di Vietnam percaya bahwa kulitnya dapat digunakan sebagai penangkal racun untuk bisa ular.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AP2_25-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-AP2-25" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[26]</a></sup> Karena tempat hidup badak mencakupi banyak daerah kemiskinan, sulit untuk penduduk tidak membunuh binatang ini yang dapat dijual dengan harga tinggi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Biotropica_21-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Biotropica-21" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[22]</a></sup> Ketika <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/CITES" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="CITES">Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora</a> pertama kali diberlakukan tahun 1975, badak Jawa dimasukan kedalam perlindungan Appendix 1: semua perdagangan internasional produk badak Jawa dianggap ilegal.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-African_26-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-African-26" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[27]</a></sup> Survey pasar gelap cula badak telah menentukan bahwa badak Asia memiliki harga sebesar $30.000 per kilogram, tiga kali harga cula badak Afrika.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dinerstein_3-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Dinerstein-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></div>
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Hilangnya habitat akibat pertanian juga menyebabkan berkurangnya populasi badak Jawa, walaupun hal ini bukan lagi faktor signifikan karena badak hanya hidup di dua taman nasional yang dilindungi. Memburuknya habitat telah menghalangi pemulihan populasi badak yang merupakan korban perburuan untuk cula. Bahkan dengan semua usaha konservasi, prospek keselamatan badak Jawa suram. Karena populasi mereka tertutup di dua tempat kecil, mereka sangat rentan penyakit dan masalah perkembangbiakan. Ahli genetika konservasi memperkirakan bahwa populasi 100 badak perlu perlindungan pembagian genetika spesies.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NYT_19-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-NYT-19" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[20]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Badak_jawa&action=edit&section=9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Ujung Kulon">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Ujung_Kulon">Ujung Kulon</span></h3>
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Semenanjung Ujung Kulon dihancurkan oleh letusan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Krakatau" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gunung Krakatau">gunung Krakatau</a> tahun <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1883" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1883">1883</a>. Badak Jawa mengkolonisasi kembali semenanjung itu setelah letusan, tetapi manusia tidak pernah kembali pada jumlah yang besar, sehingga membuat sebuah tempat berlindung.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NYT_19-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-NYT-19" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[20]</a></sup> Pada tahun 1931, karena badak Jawa berada di tepi kepunahan di Sumatra, pemerintah Hindia-Belanda menyatakan bahwa badak merupakan spesies yang dilindungi, dan masih tetap dilindungi sampai sekarang.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Foose_10-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Foose-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup> Pada tahun 1967 ketika sensus badak dilakukan di Ujung Kulon, hanya 25 badak yang ada. Pada tahun 1980, populasi badak bertambah, dan tetap ada pada populasi 50 sampai sekarang. Walaupun badak di Ujung Kulon tidak memiliki musuh alami, mereka harus bersaing untuk memperebutkan ruang dan sumber yang jarang dengan banteng liar dan tanaman <i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenga" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Arenga">Arenga</a></i><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-habitat_5-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-habitat-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> yang dapat menyebabkan jumlah badak tetap berada dibawah kapasitas semenanjung.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IPS_27-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-IPS-27" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[28]</a></sup> Ujung Kulon diurus oleh menteri Kehutanan Republik Indonesia.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Foose_10-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Foose-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup> Ditemukan paling sedikit empat bayi badak Jawa pada tahun 2006.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BBCpop_28-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-BBCpop-28" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[29]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-wwf_29-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-wwf-29" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[30]</a></sup></div>
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Foto induk Badak Jawa beserta bayinya, diperkirakan berumur sekitar 4 – 6 bulan, berhasil diabadikan oleh tim <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWF" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="WWF">WWF</a> pada November 2007. Ketika difoto, bayi badak tersebut sedang menyusu ibunya. Keberadaan badak tersebut diketahui ketika ditemukan jejak badak berukuran 15/16 cm di sekitar daerah aliran sungai Citadahan pada tanggal <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/30_Oktober" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="30 Oktober">30 Oktober</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="2007">2007</a>. Hal ini merupakan kabar gembira karena membuktikan adanya kelahiran badak baru di Ujung Kulon.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-wwf_29-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-wwf-29" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[30]</a></sup></div>
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<table cellpadding="5" class="wikitable" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f9f9f9; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-collapse: collapse; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; color: black; font-size: 13px; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: 1em;"><caption style="font-weight: bold; margin-left: inherit; margin-right: inherit;"><big>Pertumbuhan populasi badak Jawa di Ujung Kulon</big></caption><tbody>
<tr><th style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f2f2f2; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em; text-align: center;">Tahun</th><th style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f2f2f2; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em; text-align: center;">Minimum</th><th style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f2f2f2; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em; text-align: center;">Maksimum</th><th style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: #f2f2f2; background-image: initial; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em; text-align: center;">Rata-rata</th></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1967" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1967">1967</a></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">21</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">28</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">24.5</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1968" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1968">1968</a></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">20</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">29</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">24.5</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1971">1971</a></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">33</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">42</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">37.5</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1982">1982</a></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">53</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">59</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">56</td></tr>
<tr><td style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1993">1993</a></td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">35</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">58</td><td align="center" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;">47</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="6" style="border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.2em; padding-right: 0.2em; padding-top: 0.2em;"><span style="font-size: smaller;">Sumber: Strategi Konservasi Badak Indonesia - Dirjen PHPA Dephut RI.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-30" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-30" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[31]</a></sup></span></td></tr>
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<h3 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: initial; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0.3em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em; width: auto;">
<span class="mw-headline" id="Cat_Tien"><br />Cat Tien</span></h3>
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Sedikit anggota <i>R.s. annamiticus</i> yang tersisa hidup di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Cat_Tien" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Cat Tien">Taman Nasional Cat Tien</a>, Vietnam. Badak ini pernah menyebar di Asia Tenggara, setelah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Vietnam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Perang Vietnam">perang Vietnam</a>, badak Jawa dianggap punah. Taktik digunakan pada pertempuran menyebabkan kerusakan ekosistem daerah: penggunaan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Napalm&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Napalm (halaman belum tersedia)">Napalm</a>, herbisida dan defolian dari <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agen_Oranye" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Agen Oranye">Agen Oranye</a>, pengeboman udara dan penggunaan ranjau darat. Perang juga membanjiri daerah dengan senjata. Setelah perang, banyak penduduk desa miskin, yang sebelumnya menggunakan metode seperti lubang perangkap, kini memiliki senjata mematikan yang menyebabkan mereka menjadi pemburu badak yang efisien. Dugaan kepunahan subspesies mendapat tantangan ketika pada tahun <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1988">1988</a>, seorang pemburu menembak betina dewasa yang menunjukan bahwa spesies ini berhasil selamat dari perang. Pada tahun <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1989" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="1989">1989</a>, ilmuwan meneliti hutan Vietnam selatan untuk mencari bukti badak lain yang selamat. Jejak kaki badak segar yang merupakan milik paling sedikit 15 badak ditemukan di sepanjang <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Dong_Nai" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sungai Dong Nai">sungai Dong Nai</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AP1_31-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-AP1-31" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[32]</a></sup> Karena badak, daerah tempat mereka tinggal menjadi bagian Taman Nasional Cat Tien tahun 1992.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-AP2_25-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-AP2-25" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[26]</a></sup>Populasi mereka dikhawatirkan berkurang di Vietnam, dengan pelindung alam memperkirakan bahwa paling sedikit 308 badak yang mungkin tanpa jantan selamat.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-BBCpop_28-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-BBCpop-28" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[29]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-NYT_19-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-NYT-19" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[20]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Santiapillai_4-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Santiapillai-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-WWF_32-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-WWF-32" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[33]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Di_penangkaran"><br />Di penangkaran</span></h3>
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Tidak terdapat satupun badak Jawa di kebun binatang. Pada tahun 1800-an, paling sedikit empat badak dipamerkan di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adelaide" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolkata" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kolkata">Kolkata</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/London" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="London">London</a>. Paling sedikit 22 badak Jawa telah didokumentasikan telah disimpan di penangkaran, dan mungkin bahwa jumlahnya lebih besar karena spesies ini kadang-kadang salah ditafsirkan dengan badak India.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Garten_33-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Garten-33" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[34]</a></sup> Badak Jawa tidak pernah ditangani dengan baik di penangkaran: badak tertua yang hidup hanya mencapai usia 20 tahun, sekitar setengah dari usia yang dapat dicapai badak di alam bebas. Badak Jawa terakhir yang ada di penangkaran mati di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_Binatang_Adelaide" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang Adelaide">Kebun Binatang Adelaide</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Australia">Australia</a> tahun 1907, tempat spesies tersebut sedikit diketahui karena telah ditunjukan sebagai badak India.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-van_Strien_17-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-van_Strien-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup> Akibat dari program panjang dan mahal tahun 1980-an dan 1990-an untuk mengembangbiakan badak Sumatra di kebun binatang gagal, usaha untuk melindungi badak Jawa di kebun binatang tak dapat dipercaya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Dinerstein_3-5" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-Dinerstein-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Usaha_persiapan_habitat_kedua"><br />Usaha persiapan habitat kedua</span></h3>
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Badak Jawa yang hidup berkumpul di satu kawasan utama sangat rentan terhadap kepunahan yang dapat diakibatkan oleh serangan penyakit, bencana alam seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsunami" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a>, letusan gunung <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krakatau" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Krakatau">Krakatau</a>,<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gempa_bumi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gempa bumi">gempa bumi</a>. Selain itu, badak ini juga kekurangan ruang jelajah dan sumber akibat invasi langkap (arenga) dan kompetisi dengan banteng.</div>
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Penelitian awal <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWF" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="WWF">WWF</a> mengidentifikasi habitat yang cocok, aman dan relatif dekat adalah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Halimun" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Halimun">Taman Nasional Halimun</a> di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gunung_Salak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gunung Salak">Gunung Salak</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jawa_Barat" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Jawa Barat">Jawa Barat</a>, yang dulu juga merupakan habitat badak Jawa. Jika habitat kedua ditemukan, maka badak yang sehat, baik, dan memenuhi kriteria di Ujung Kulon akan dikirim ke wilayah yang baru. Habitat ini juga akan menjamin keamanan populasinya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-habitat_5-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badak_jawa#cite_note-habitat-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a><br /><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19px;">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia</span>
</sup></div>Bagus Maulanahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11494128227832125685noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3152532686223463565.post-34022609655939347412012-03-03T05:10:00.002-08:002012-03-05T00:32:10.978-08:00Biawak Komodo (Varanus komodoensis)<br />
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<b><span style="font-size: 12px;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: x-small;">Komodo</span></b><span style="font-size: x-small;">, atau yang selengkapnya disebut </span><b style="font-size: 13px;">biawak komodo</b><span style="font-size: x-small;"> (</span><i style="font-size: 13px;">Varanus komodoensis</i><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-itis_0-0" style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-itis-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></sup><span style="font-size: x-small;">), adalah </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spesies" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Spesies">spesies</a><span style="font-size: x-small;"> </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Kadal">kadal</a><span style="font-size: x-small;"> terbesar di dunia yang hidup di pulau</span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komodo_(pulau)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Komodo (pulau)">Komodo</a><span style="font-size: x-small;">, </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rinca" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Rinca">Rinca</a><span style="font-size: x-small;">, </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flores" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Flores">Flores</a><span style="font-size: x-small;">, </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gili_Motang" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Gili Motang">Gili Motang</a><span style="font-size: x-small;">, dan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gili_Dasami" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Gili Dasami">Gili Dasami</a><span style="font-size: x-small;"> di </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusa_Tenggara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; text-decoration: none;" title="Nusa Tenggara">Nusa Tenggara</a><span style="font-size: x-small;">.</span><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-komo_1-0" style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-komo-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup><span style="font-size: x-small;"> Biawak ini oleh penduduk asli pulau Komodo juga disebut dengan nama setempat </span><b style="font-size: 13px;">ora</b><span style="font-size: x-small;">.</span><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-amnh_2-0" style="font-size: 13px; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-amnh-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup></div>
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Termasuk anggota famili <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Biawak">biawak</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanidae" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Varanidae">Varanidae</a>, dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klad" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Klad">klad</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toxicofera" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Toxicofera">Toxicofera</a>, komodo merupakan kadal terbesar di dunia, dengan rata-rata panjang 2-3 <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meter" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Meter">m</a>. Ukurannya yang besar ini berhubungan dengan gejala <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigantisme_pulau" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gigantisme pulau">gigantisme pulau</a>, yakni kecenderungan meraksasanya tubuh hewan-hewan tertentu yang hidup di pulau kecil terkait dengan tidak adanya <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Mamalia">mamalia</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnivora" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Karnivora">karnivora</a> di pulau tempat hidup komodo, dan laju <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolisme" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Metabolisme">metabolisme</a> komodo yang kecil.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-world_3-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-world-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup> Karena besar tubuhnya, kadal ini menduduki posisi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predator" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Predator">predator</a> puncak yang mendominasi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekosistem" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Ekosistem">ekosistem</a> tempatnya hidup.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-firefly_5-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-firefly-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Komodo ditemukan oleh peneliti barat tahun 1910. Tubuhnya yang besar dan reputasinya yang mengerikan membuat mereka populer di kebun binatang. Habitat komodo di alam bebas telah menyusut akibat aktivitas manusia dan karenanya <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="IUCN">IUCN</a> memasukkan komodo sebagai spesies yang <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spesies_rentan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Spesies rentan">rentan</a>terhadap kepunahan. Biawak besar ini kini dilindungi di bawah peraturan pemerintah Indonesia dan sebuah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_nasional" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman nasional">taman nasional</a>, yaitu <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Komodo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Komodo">Taman Nasional Komodo</a>, didirikan untuk melindungi mereka.</div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;"><a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Komodo_dragon_skin.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 12px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none;"><br /><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="165" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Komodo_dragon_skin.jpg/220px-Komodo_dragon_skin.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a>[</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Anatomi_dan_morfologi">Anatomi dan morfologi</span></h2>
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Komodo_dragon_skin.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Kulit komodo.</div>
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Di alam bebas, komodo dewasa biasanya memiliki berat sekitar 70 kilogram,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-animal_6-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-animal-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup> namun komodo yang dipelihara di penangkaran sering memiliki bobot tubuh yang lebih besar. Spesimen liar terbesar yang pernah ada memiliki panjang sebesar 3.13 meter dan berat sekitar 166 kilogram, termasuk berat makanan yang belum dicerna di dalam perutnya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-sciam_7-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-sciam-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup> Meski komodo tercatat sebagai kadal terbesar yang masih hidup, namun bukan yang terpanjang. Reputasi ini dipegang oleh <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_Papua" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Biawak Papua">biawak Papua</a> (<i>Varanus salvadorii</i>).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-biz_8-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-biz-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></div>
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Komodo memiliki ekor yang sama panjang dengan tubuhnya, dan sekitar 60 buah gigi yang bergerigi tajam sepanjang sekitar 2.5 <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentimeter" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sentimeter">cm</a>, yang kerap diganti.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-whozoo_9-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-whozoo-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[10]</a></sup> Air liur komodo sering kali bercampur sedikit darah karena giginya hampir seluruhnya dilapisi <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gingiva" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gingiva">jaringan gingiva</a> dan jaringan ini tercabik selama makan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup> Kondisi ini menciptakan lingkungan pertumbuhan yang ideal untuk <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakteri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bakteri">bakteri</a> mematikan yang hidup di mulut mereka.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-docent_11-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-docent-11" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[12]</a></sup></div>
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Komodo memiliki lidah yang panjang, berwarna kuning dan bercabang.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-sciam_7-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-sciam-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup> Komodo jantan lebih besar daripada komodo betina, dengan warna kulit dari abu-abu gelap sampai merah batu bata, sementara komodo betina lebih berwarna hijau buah zaitun, dan memiliki potongan kecil kuning pada tenggorokannya. Komodo muda lebih berwarna, dengan warna kuning, hijau dan putih pada latar belakang hitam.</div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Fisiologi"><br />Fisiologi</span></h2>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Varanus_komodoensis3.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="165" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Varanus_komodoensis3.jpg/220px-Varanus_komodoensis3.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Varanus_komodoensis3.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Komodo yang berjemur.</div>
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Komodo tak memiliki indera pendengaran, meski memiliki lubang telinga.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-bbc_12-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-bbc-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup> Biawak ini mampu melihat hingga sejauh 300 m, namun karena <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retina" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Retina">retinanya</a> hanya memiliki <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sel_kerucut&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Sel kerucut (halaman belum tersedia)">sel kerucut</a>, hewan ini agaknya tak begitu baik melihat di kegelapan malam. Komodo mampu membedakan warna namun tidak seberapa mampu membedakan obyek yang tak bergerak.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-nzpfactsheet_13-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-nzpfactsheet-13" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[14]</a></sup></div>
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Komodo menggunakan lidahnya untuk mendeteksi rasa dan mencium <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stimuli" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Stimuli">stimuli</a>, seperti reptil lainnya, dengan indera <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vomeronasal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Vomeronasal">vomeronasal</a> memanfaatkan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ_Jacobson" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Organ Jacobson">organ Jacobson</a>, suatu kemampuan yang dapat membantu navigasi pada saat gelap.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-draconian_14-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-draconian-14" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[15]</a></sup> Dengan bantuan angin dan kebiasaannya menelengkan kepalanya ke kanan dan ke kiri ketika berjalan, komodo dapat mendeteksi keberadaan daging bangkai sejauh 4—9.5 kilometer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup> Lubang hidung komodo bukan merupakan alat penciuman yang baik karena mereka tidak memiliki <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diafragma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Diafragma">sekat rongga badan</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-zipcode_15-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-zipcode-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[16]</a></sup> Hewan ini tidak memiliki indra perasa di lidahnya, hanya ada sedikit ujung-ujung saraf perasa di bagian belakang tenggorokan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-draconian_14-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-draconian-14" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[15]</a></sup></div>
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Sisik-sisik komodo, beberapa di antaranya diperkuat dengan tulang, memiliki sensor yang terhubung dengan saraf yang memfasilitasi rangsang sentuhan. Sisik-sisik di sekitar telinga, bibir, dagu dan tapak kaki memiliki tiga sensor rangsangan atau lebih.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup></div>
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Komodo pernah dianggap tuli ketika penelitian mendapatkan bahwa bisikan, suara yang meningkat dan teriakan ternyata tidak mengakibatkan agitasi (gangguan) pada komodo liar. Hal ini terbantah kemudian ketika karyawan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_Binatang_London_ZSL" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang London ZSL">Kebun Binatang London ZSL</a>, Joan Proctor melatih biawak untuk keluar makan dengan suaranya, bahkan juga ketika ia tidak terlihat oleh si biawak.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-liz_16-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-liz-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Ekologi.2C_perilaku_dan_cara_hidup"><br />Ekologi, perilaku dan cara hidup</span></h2>
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:KDragon1mj.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Kaki dan ekor komodo.</div>
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Komodo secara alami hanya ditemui di Indonesia, di pulau Komodo, Flores dan Rinca dan beberapa pulau lainnya di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nusa_Tenggara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Nusa Tenggara">Nusa Tenggara</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-sczkd_17-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-sczkd-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup> Hidup di padang rumput kering terbuka, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabana" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sabana">sabana</a> dan hutan tropis pada ketinggian rendah, biawak ini menyukai tempat panas dan kering ini. Mereka aktif pada siang hari, walaupun kadang-kadang aktif juga pada malam hari. Komodo adalah binatang yang penyendiri, berkumpul bersama hanya pada saat makan dan berkembang biak.</div>
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Reptil besar ini dapat berlari cepat hingga 20 kilometer per jam pada jarak yang pendek; berenang dengan sangat baik dan mampu menyelam sedalam 4.5 meter;<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jung_18-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-jung-18" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[19]</a></sup> serta pandai memanjat pohon menggunakan cakar mereka yang kuat.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-animal_6-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-animal-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup> Untuk menangkap mangsa yang berada di luar jangkauannya, komodo dapat berdiri dengan kaki belakangnya dan menggunakan ekornya sebagai penunjang.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-liz_16-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-liz-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Dengan bertambahnya umur, komodo lebih menggunakan cakarnya sebagai senjata, karena ukuran tubuhnya yang besar menyulitkannya memanjat pohon.</div>
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Untuk tempat berlindung, komodo menggali lubang selebar 1–3 meter dengan tungkai depan dan cakarnya yang kuat.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-cogger_19-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-cogger-19" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[20]</a></sup> Karena besar tubuhnya dan kebiasaan tidur di dalam lubang, komodo dapat menjaga panas tubuhnya selama malam hari dan mengurangi waktu berjemur pada pagi selanjutnya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-20" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-20" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[21]</a></sup>Komodo umumnya berburu pada siang hingga sore hari, tetapi tetap berteduh selama bagian hari yang terpanas.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gateway-faq_21-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-gateway-faq-21" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[22]</a></sup> Tempat-tempat sembunyi komodo ini biasanya berada di daerah gumuk atau <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bukit">perbukitan</a> dengan semilir angin laut, terbuka dari <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetasi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Vegetasi">vegetasi</a>, dan di sana-sini berserak kotoran hewan penghuninya. Tempat ini umumnya juga merupakan lokasi yang strategis untuk menyergap <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Rusa">rusa</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-southsea_22-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-southsea-22" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[23]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Perilaku_makan"><br />Perilaku makan</span></h3>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:KomodoDragonRinca1.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="231" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/KomodoDragonRinca1.jpg/170px-KomodoDragonRinca1.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="170" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:KomodoDragonRinca1.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Komodo di Rinca.</div>
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Komodo adalah hewan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karnivora" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Karnivora">karnivora</a>. Walaupun mereka kebanyakan makan daging bangkai,<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-world_3-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-world-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mereka juga berburu mangsa hidup dengan cara mengendap-endap diikuti dengan serangan tiba-tiba terhadap korbannya. Ketika mangsa itu tiba di dekat tempat sembunyi komodo, hewan ini segera menyerangnya pada sisi bawah tubuh atau tenggorokan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup> Komodo dapat menemukan mangsanya dengan menggunakan penciumannya yang tajam, yang dapat menemukan binatang mati atau sekarat pada jarak hingga 9,5 kilometer.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup></div>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Komodo_Dragon_Eating_Rinca.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="147" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Komodo_Dragon_Eating_Rinca.jpg/220px-Komodo_Dragon_Eating_Rinca.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Komodo_Dragon_Eating_Rinca.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Komodo muda di Rinca yang makan bangkai kerbau.</div>
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Reptil purba ini makan dengan cara mencabik potongan besar daging dan lalu menelannya bulat-bulat sementara tungkai depannya menahan tubuh mangsanya. Untuk mangsa berukuran kecil hingga sebesar <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kambing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kambing">kambing</a>, bisa jadi dagingnya dihabiskan sekali telan. Isi perut mangsa yang berupa tumbuhan biasanya dibiarkan tak disentuh.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-southsea_22-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-southsea-22" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[23]</a></sup></div>
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Air liur yang kemerahan dan keluar dalam jumlah banyak amat membantu komodo dalam menelan mangsanya. Meski demikian, proses menelan tetap memakan waktu yang panjang; 15–20 menit diperlukan untuk menelan seekor kambing. Komodo kadang-kadang berusaha mempercepat proses menelan itu dengan menekankan daging bangkai mangsanya ke sebatang <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pohon">pohon</a>, agar karkas itu bisa masuk melewati kerongkongannya. Dan kadang-kadang pula upaya menekan itu begitu keras sehingga pohon itu menjadi rebah.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-southsea_22-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-southsea-22" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[23]</a></sup></div>
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Untuk menghindari agar tak tercekik ketika menelan, komodo bernapas melalui sebuah saluran kecil di bawah lidah, yang berhubungan langsung dengan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paru-paru" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Paru-paru">paru-parunya</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-5" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup> Rahangnya yang dapat dikembangkan dengan leluasa, tengkoraknya yang lentur, dan lambungnya yang dapat melar luar biasa memungkinkan komodo menyantap mangsa yang besar, hingga sebesar 80% bobot tubuhnya sendiri dalam satu kali makan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-reptilis_23-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-reptilis-23" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[24]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-firefly_5-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-firefly-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Setelah makan, komodo berjalan menyeret tubuhnya yang kekenyangan mencari sinar matahari untuk berjemur dan mempercepat proses pencernaan. Kalau tidak, makanan itu dapat membusuk dalam perutnya dan meracuni tubuhnya sendiri. Dikarenakan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metabolisme" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Metabolisme">metabolismenya</a> yang lamban, komodo besar dapat bertahan dengan hanya makan 12 kali setahun atau kira-kira sekali sebulan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-6" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup></div>
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Setelah daging mangsanya tercerna, komodo memuntahkan sisa-sisa tanduk, rambut dan gigi mangsanya, dalam gumpalan-gumpalan bercampur dengan lendir berbau busuk, gumpalan mana dikenal sebagai <i>gastric pellet</i>. Setelah itu komodo menyapukan wajahnya ke tanah atau ke semak-semak untuk membersihkan sisa-sisa lendir yang masih menempel, perilaku yang menimbulkan dugaan bahwa komodo, sebagaimana halnya manusia, tidak menyukai bau ludahnya sendiri.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-7" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup></div>
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Dalam kumpulan, komodo yang berukuran paling besar biasanya makan lebih dahulu, diikuti yang berukuran lebih kecil menurut <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hirarki&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Hirarki (halaman belum tersedia)">hirarki</a>. Jantan terbesar menunjukkan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominasi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Dominasi">dominansinya</a> melalui bahasa tubuh dan desisannya; yang disambut dengan bahasa yang sama oleh jantan-jantan lain yang lebih kecil untuk memperlihatkan pengakuannya atas kekuasaan itu. Komodo-komodo yang berukuran sama mungkin akan berkelahi mengadu kekuatan, dengan cara semacam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulat" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gulat">gulat</a> biawak, hingga salah satunya mengaku kalah dan mundur; meskipun adakalanya yang kalah dapat terbunuh dalam perkelahian dan dimangsa oleh si pemenang.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-8" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup></div>
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Mangsa biawak komodo amat bervariasi, mencakup aneka <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avertebrata" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Avertebrata">avertebrata</a>, reptil lain (termasuk pula komodo yang bertubuh lebih kecil), <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burung" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Burung">burung</a> dan telurnya, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Mamalia">mamalia</a> kecil, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monyet" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Monyet">monyet</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babi_hutan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Babi hutan">babi hutan</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kambing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kambing">kambing</a>,<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Rusa">rusa</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuda" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kuda">kuda</a>, dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerbau" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kerbau">kerbau</a>. Komodo muda memangsa <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serangga" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Serangga">serangga</a>, telur, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cecak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Cecak">cecak</a>, dan mamalia kecil.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-world_3-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-world-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-reptilis_23-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-reptilis-23" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[24]</a></sup> Kadang-kadang komodo juga memangsa <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manusia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Manusia">manusia</a> dan mayat yang digali dari lubang makam yang dangkal.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-liz_16-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-liz-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Kebiasaan ini menyebabkan penduduk pulau Komodo menghindari tanah berpasir dan memilih mengubur jenazah di tanah liat, serta menutupi atasnya dengan batu-batu agar tak dapat digali komodo.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-southsea_22-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-southsea-22" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[23]</a></sup></div>
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Ada pula yang menduga bahwa komodo berevolusi untuk memangsa <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah_kerdil" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gajah kerdil">gajah kerdil</a> <i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stegodon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Stegodon">Stegodon</a></i> yang pernah hidup di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flores" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Flores">Flores</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Diamond_24-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-Diamond-24" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[25]</a></sup> Komodo juga pernah teramati ketika mengejutkan dan menakuti rusa-rusa betina yang tengah hamil, dengan harapan agar keguguran dan bangkai janinnya dapat dimangsa, suatu perilaku yang juga didapati pada predator besar di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrika" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Afrika">Afrika</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Diamond_24-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-Diamond-24" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[25]</a></sup></div>
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Karena tak memiliki <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diafragma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Diafragma">sekat rongga badan</a>, komodo tak dapat menghirup air atau menjilati air untuk minum (seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kucing" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kucing">kucing</a>). Alih-alih, komodo ‘mencedok’ air dengan seluruh mulutnya, lalu mengangkat kepalanya agar air mengalir masuk ke perutnya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-9" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Bisa_dan_bakteri"><br />Bisa dan bakteri</span></h3>
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Pada akhir 2005, peneliti dari Universitas Melbourne, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Australia">Australia</a>, menyimpulkan bahwa <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_Perentie" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Biawak Perentie">biawak Perentie</a> (<i>Varanus giganteus</i>) dan biawak-biawak lainnya, serta kadal-kadal dari <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Familia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Familia">suku</a> Agamidae, kemungkinan memiliki semacam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bisa">bisa</a>. Selama ini diketahui bahwa luka-luka akibat gigitan hewan-hewan ini sangat rawan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infeksi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Infeksi">infeksi</a> karena adanya bakteria yang hidup di mulut kadal-kadal ini, akan tetapi para peneliti ini menunjukkan bahwa efek langsung yang muncul pada luka-luka gigitan itu disebabkan oleh masuknya bisa berkekuatan menengah.</div>
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Para peneliti ini telah mengamati luka-luka di tangan manusia akibat gigitan biawak <i>Varanus varius</i>, <i>V. scalaris</i> dan komodo, dan semuanya memperlihatkan reaksi yang serupa: bengkak secara cepat dalam beberapa menit, gangguan lokal dalam pembekuan darah, rasa sakit yang mencekam hingga ke siku, dengan beberapa gejala yang bertahan hingga beberapa jam kemudian.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-25" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-25" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[26]</a></sup></div>
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Sebuah kelenjar yang berisi bisa yang amat beracun telah berhasil diambil dari mulut seekor komodo di <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kebun_Binatang_Singapura&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang Singapura (halaman belum tersedia)">Kebun Binatang Singapura</a>, dan meyakinkan para peneliti akan kandungan bisa yang dipunyai komodo<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-26" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-26" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[27]</a></sup>.</div>
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Di samping mengandung bisa, air liur komodo juga memiliki aneka <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakteri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bakteri">bakteri</a> mematikan di dalamnya; lebih dari 28 bakteri <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram-negatif" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gram-negatif">Gram-negatif</a> dan 29 <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gram-positif" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gram-positif">Gram-positif</a> telah diisolasi dari air liur ini.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-27" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-27" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[28]</a></sup> Bakteri-bakteri tersebut menyebabkan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sepsis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sepsis">septikemia</a> pada korbannya. Jika gigitan komodo tidak langsung membunuh mangsa dan mangsa itu dapat melarikan diri, umumnya mangsa yang sial ini akan mati dalam waktu satu minggu akibat infeksi.</div>
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Bakteri yang paling mematikan di air liur komodo agaknya adalah bakteri <i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasteurella_multocida" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pasteurella multocida">Pasteurella multocida</a></i> yang sangat mematikan; diketahui melalui percobaan dengan tikus laboratorium.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-28" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-28" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[29]</a></sup> Karena komodo nampaknya kebal terhadap mikrobanya sendiri, banyak penelitian dilakukan untuk mencari molekul antibakteri dengan harapan dapat digunakan untuk pengobatan manusia.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-nwf_29-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-nwf-29" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[30]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Reproduksi"><br />Reproduksi</span></h3>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Varanus_komodoensis.JPG" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="115" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Varanus_komodoensis.JPG/250px-Varanus_komodoensis.JPG" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="250" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Varanus_komodoensis.JPG" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Pada gambar ini, ekor dan cakar komodo dapat terlihat dengan jelas.</div>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:KomodoDragon.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="165" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/KomodoDragon.jpg/220px-KomodoDragon.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:KomodoDragon.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Komodo yang tidur. Perhatikan kukunya yang besar. Kukunya digunakan untuk bertempur dan makan.</div>
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Musim kawin terjadi antara bulan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mei" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Mei">Mei</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agustus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Agustus">Agustus</a>, dan telur komodo diletakkan pada bulan September.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jung_18-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-jung-18" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[19]</a></sup> Selama periode ini, komodo jantan bertempur untuk mempertahankan betina dan teritorinya dengan cara "bergulat" dengan jantan lainnya sambil berdiri di atas kaki belakangnya. Komodo yang kalah akan terjatuh dan "terkunci" ke tanah. Kedua komodo jantan itu dapat muntah atau buang air besar ketika bersiap untuk bertempur.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-liz_16-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-liz-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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Pemenang pertarungan akan menjentikkan lidah panjangnya pada tubuh si betina untuk melihat penerimaan sang betina.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-firefly_5-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-firefly-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Komodo betina bersifat<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antagonis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Antagonis">antagonis</a> dan melawan dengan gigi dan cakar mereka selama awal fase berpasangan. Selanjutnya, jantan harus sepenuhnya mengendalikan betina selama bersetubuh agar tidak terluka. Perilaku lain yang diperlihatkan selama proses ini adalah jantan menggosokkan dagu mereka pada si betina, garukan keras di atas punggung dan menjilat.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-library_30-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-library-30" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[31]</a></sup> Kopulasi terjadi ketika jantan memasukan salah satu <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hemipenis&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Hemipenis (halaman belum tersedia)">hemipenisnya</a> ke kloaka betina.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-nzpfactsheet_13-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-nzpfactsheet-13" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[14]</a></sup> Komodo dapat bersifat <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monogami" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Monogami">monogamus</a> dan membentuk "pasangan," suatu sifat yang langka untuk kadal.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-liz_16-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-liz-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-reptilis_23-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-reptilis-23" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[24]</a></sup></div>
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Betina akan meletakkan telurnya di lubang tanah, mengorek tebing bukit atau gundukan sarang burung <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gosong_berkaki-jingga" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gosong berkaki-jingga">gosong berkaki-jingga</a> yang telah ditinggalkan. Komodo lebih suka menyimpan telur-telurnya di sarang yang telah ditinggalkan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-31" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-31" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[32]</a></sup> Sebuah sarang komodo rata-rata berisi 20 telur yang akan menetas setelah 7–8 bulan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-liz_16-5" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-liz-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Betina berbaring di atas telur-telur itu untuk mengerami dan melindunginya sampai menetas di sekitar bulan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/April" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="April">April</a>, pada akhir musim hujan ketika terdapat sangat banyak serangga.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-jung_18-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-jung-18" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[19]</a></sup></div>
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Proses penetasan adalah usaha melelahkan untuk anak komodo, yang keluar dari cangkang telur setelah menyobeknya dengan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gigi_telur&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Gigi telur (halaman belum tersedia)">gigi telur</a> yang akan tanggal setelah pekerjaan berat ini selesai. Setelah berhasil menyobek kulit telur, bayi komodo dapat berbaring di cangkang telur mereka untuk beberapa jam sebelum memulai menggali keluar sarang mereka. Ketika menetas, bayi-bayi ini tak seberapa berdaya dan dapat dimangsa oleh predator.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-10" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup></div>
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Komodo muda menghabiskan tahun-tahun pertamanya di atas pohon, tempat mereka relatif aman dari predator, termasuk dari komodo dewasa yang kanibal, yang sekitar 10% dari makanannya adalah biawak-biawak muda yang berhasil diburu.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-factsheet_32-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-factsheet-32" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[33]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-liz_16-6" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-liz-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Komodo membutuhkan tiga sampai lima tahun untuk menjadi dewasa, dan dapat hidup lebih dari 50 tahun.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-cogger_19-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-cogger-19" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[20]</a></sup></div>
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Di samping proses reproduksi yang normal, terdapat beberapa contoh kasus komodo betina menghasilkan anak tanpa kehadiran pejantan (<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenesis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Partenogenesis">partenogenesis</a>), fenomena yang juga diketahui muncul pada beberapa spesies reptil lainnya seperti pada <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cnemidophorus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Cnemidophorus">Cnemidophorus</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-animal_6-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-animal-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Partenogenesis"><br />Partenogenesis</span></h3>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Aa_komodo_dragon_baby.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="165" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Aa_komodo_dragon_baby.jpg/220px-Aa_komodo_dragon_baby.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Aa_komodo_dragon_baby.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Bayi komodo <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenesis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Partenogenesis">partenogenetik</a> di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_Binatang_Chester" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang Chester">Kebun Binatang Chester</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inggris" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Inggris">Inggris</a>.</div>
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Sungai, seekor komodo di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_Binatang_London" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang London">Kebun Binatang London</a>, telah bertelur pada awal tahun <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="2006">2006</a> setelah dipisah dari jantan selama lebih dari dua tahun. Ilmuwan pada awalnya mengira bahwa komodo ini dapat menyimpan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sperma" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sperma">sperma</a> beberapa lama hasil dari perkawinan dengan komodo jantan di waktu sebelumnya, suatu adaptasi yang dikenal dengan istilah <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Superfekundasi&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Superfekundasi (halaman belum tersedia)">superfekundasi</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-33" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-33" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[34]</a></sup></div>
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Pada tanggal <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/20_Desember" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="20 Desember">20 Desember</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="2006">2006</a>, dilaporkan bahwa Flora, komodo yang hidup di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_Binatang_Chester" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang Chester">Kebun Binatang Chester</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inggris" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Inggris">Inggris</a> adalah komodo kedua yang diketahui menghasilkan telur tanpa <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilisasi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Fertilisasi">fertilisasi</a> (pembuahan dari perkawinan). Ia mengeluarkan 11 telur, dan 7 di antaranya berhasil menetas.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-34" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-34" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[35]</a></sup></div>
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Peneliti dari <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitas_Liverpool" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Universitas Liverpool">Universitas Liverpool</a> di Inggris utara melakukan tes genetika pada tiga telur yang gagal menetas setelah dipindah ke inkubator, dan terbukti bahwa Flora tidak memiliki kontak fisik dengan komodo jantan. Setelah temuan yang mengejutkan ini, pengujian lalu dilakukan terhadap telur-telur Sungai dan mendapatkan bahwa telur-telur itupun dihasilkan tanpa pembuahan dari luar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-35" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-35" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[36]</a></sup></div>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Parthkomodo.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="165" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Parthkomodo.jpg/220px-Parthkomodo.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Parthkomodo.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Bayi komodo <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partenogenesis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Partenogenesis">partenogenetik</a> di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_Binatang_Chester" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang Chester">Kebun Binatang Chester</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inggris" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Inggris">Inggris</a>.</div>
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Komodo memiliki <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sistem_penentuan_seks&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Sistem penentuan seks (halaman belum tersedia)">sistem penentuan seks</a> kromosomal <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_penentuan_seks_ZW" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sistem penentuan seks ZW">ZW</a>, bukan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistem_penentuan_seks_XY" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sistem penentuan seks XY">sistem penentuan seks XY</a>. Keturunan Flora yang berkelamin jantan, menunjukkan terjadinya beberapa hal. Yalah bahwa telur Flora yang tidak dibuahi bersifat <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Haploid">haploid</a> pada mulanya dan kemudian menggandakan kromosomnya sendiri menjadi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diploid" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Diploid">diploid</a>; dan bahwa ia tidak menghasilkan telur diploid, sebagaimana bisa terjadi jika salah satu proses pembelahan-reduksi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meiosis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Meiosis">meiosis</a> pada <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ovarium" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Ovarium">ovariumnya</a>gagal.</div>
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Ketika komodo betina (memiliki kromosom seks ZW) menghasilkan anak dengan cara ini, ia mewariskan hanya salah satu dari pasangan-pasangan kromosom yang dipunyainya, termasuk satu dari dua kromosom seksnya. Satu set kromosom tunggal ini kemudian diduplikasi dalam telur, yang berkembang secara partenogenetika. Telur yang menerima kromosom Z akan menjadi ZZ (jantan); dan yang menerima kromosom W akan menjadi WW dan gagal untuk berkembang.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ZW_36-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-ZW-36" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[37]</a></sup></div>
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Diduga bahwa adaptasi reproduktif semacam ini memungkinkan seekor hewan betina memasuki sebuah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relung_ekologi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Relung ekologi">relung ekologi</a> yang terisolasi (seperti halnya pulau) dan dengan cara partenogenesis kemudian menghasilkan keturunan jantan. Melalui perkawinan dengan anaknya itu di saat yang berikutnya hewan-hewan ini dapat membentuk populasi yang bereproduksi secara seksual, karena dapat menghasilkan keturunan jantan dan betina.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-ZW_36-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-ZW-36" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[37]</a></sup> Meskipun adaptasi ini bersifat menguntungkan, kebun binatang perlu waspada kerena partenogenesis mungkin dapat mengurangi keragaman genetika.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-pmid_37-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-pmid-37" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[38]</a></sup></div>
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Pada 31 Januari 2008, Kebun Binatang Sedgwick County di Wichita, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kansas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kansas">Kansas</a> menjadi kebun binatang yang pertama kali mendokumentasi partenogenesis pada komodo di Amerika. Kebun binatang ini memiliki dua komodo betina dewasa, yang salah satu di antaranya menghasilkan 17 butir telur pada 19-20 Mei 2007. Hanya dua telur yang diinkubasi dan ditetaskan karena persoalan ketersediaan ruang; yang pertama menetas pada 31 Januari 2008, diikuti oleh yang kedua pada 1 Februari. Kedua anak komodo itu berkelamin jantan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-38" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-38" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[39]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-39" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-39" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[40]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Evolusi"><br />Evolusi</span></h2>
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Perkembangan evolusi komodo dimulai dengan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Genus">marga</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varanus" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Varanus">Varanus</a>, yang muncul di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia">Asia</a> sekitar 40 juta tahun yang silam dan lalu bermigrasi ke <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Australia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Australia">Australia</a>. Sekitar 15 juta tahun yang lalu, pertemuan lempeng benua Australia dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tenggara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia Tenggara">Asia Tenggara</a> memungkinkan para biawak bergerak menuju wilayah yang dikenal sebagai <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> sekarang. Komodo diyakini berevolusi dari nenek-moyang Australianya pada sekitar 4 juta tahun yang lampau, dan meluaskan wilayah persebarannya ke timur hingga sejauh <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Timor">Timor</a>. Perubahan-perubahan tinggi muka laut semenjak <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_Es" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Zaman Es">zaman Es</a> telah menjadikan agihan komodo terbatas pada wilayah sebarannya yang sekarang.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-40" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-40" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[41]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Komodo_dan_manusia"><br />Komodo dan manusia</span></h2>
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Komodo_coin,_Indonesia_Dscn0057.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Koin <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rupiah" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Rupiah">Rupiah</a> Indonesia yang bergambar komodo.</div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biawak_komodo&action=edit&section=10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Penemuan">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Penemuan">Penemuan</span></h3>
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Komodo pertama kali didokumentasikan oleh orang <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eropa" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Eropa">Eropa</a> pada tahun 1910. Namanya meluas setelah tahun 1912, ketika Peter Ouwens, direktur Museum Zoologi di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bogor">Bogor</a>, menerbitkan paper tentang komodo setelah menerima foto dan kulit reptil ini.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-factsheet_32-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-factsheet-32" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[33]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-liz_16-7" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-liz-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Nantinya, komodo adalah faktor pendorong dilakukannya ekspedisi ke <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Komodo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pulau Komodo">pulau Komodo</a> oleh W. Douglas Burden pada tahun 1926. Setelah kembali dengan 12 spesimen yang diawetkan dan 2 ekor komodo hidup, ekspedisi ini memberikan inspirasi untuk film <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Kong_(film_1933)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="King Kong (film 1933)">King Kong</a> tahun 1933.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-41" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-41" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[42]</a></sup> W. Douglas Burden adalah orang yang pertama memberikan nama <i>"Komodo dragon"</i>kepada hewan ini.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-gateway-faq_21-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-gateway-faq-21" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[22]</a></sup> Tiga dari spesimen komodo yang diperolehnya dibentuk kembali menjadi hewan pajangan dan hingga kini masih disimpan di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Museum_Sejarah_Alam_Amerika" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Museum Sejarah Alam Amerika">Museum Sejarah Alam Amerika</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-42" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-42" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[43]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biawak_komodo&action=edit&section=11" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Penelitian">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Penelitian">Penelitian</span></h3>
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Orang Belanda, karena menyadari berkurangnya jumlah hewan ini di alam bebas, melarang perburuan komodo dan membatasi jumlah hewan yang diambil untuk penelitian ilmiah. Ekspedisi komodo terhenti semasa <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perang_Dunia_II" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Perang Dunia II">Perang Dunia II</a>, dan tak dilanjutkan sampai dengan tahun 1950an dan ‘60an tatkala dilakukan penelitian-penelitian terhadap perilaku makan, reproduksi dan temperatur tubuh komodo. Pada tahun-tahun itu, sebuah ekspedisi yang lain dirancang untuk meneliti komodo dalam jangka panjang. Tugas ini jatuh ke tangan keluarga Auffenberg, yang kemudian tinggal selama 11 bulan di Pulau Komodo di tahun 1969. Selama masa itu, Walter Auffenberg dan Putra Sastrawan sebagai asistennya, berhasil menangkap dan menandai lebih dari 50 ekor komodo.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-nwf_29-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-nwf-29" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[30]</a></sup> Hasil ekspedisi ini ternyata sangat berpengaruh terhadap meningkatnya penangkaran komodo.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-komo_1-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-komo-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup> Penelitian-penelitian yang berikutnya kemudian memberikan gambaran yang lebih terang dan jelas mengenai sifat-sifat alami komodo, sehingga para biolog seperti halnya Claudio Ciofi dapat melanjutkan kajian yang lebih mendalam.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-natgeo_43-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-natgeo-43" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[44]</a></sup></div>
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<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Biawak_komodo&action=edit&section=12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Konservasi"><br /></a><span class="mw-headline" id="Konservasi"><br />Konservasi</span></h3>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Komodo-dragon-1.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="165" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Komodo-dragon-1.jpg/220px-Komodo-dragon-1.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Komodo-dragon-1.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Dua ekor komodo di Pulau Komodo.</div>
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Biawak komodo merupakan spesies yang rentan terhadap kepunahan, dan dikatagorikan sebagai spesies Rentan dalam daftar <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-44" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-44" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[45]</a></sup> Sekitar 4.000–5.000 ekor komodo diperkirakan masih hidup di alam liar. Populasi ini terbatas menyebar di pulau-pulau Rinca (1.300 ekor), Gili Motang (100), Gili Dasami (100), Komodo (1.700), dan Flores (mungkin sekitar 2.000 ekor).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-komo_1-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-komo-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup> Meski demikian, ada keprihatinan mengenai populasi ini karena diperkirakan dari semuanya itu hanya tinggal 350 ekor betina yang produktif dan dapat berbiak.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-amnh_2-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-amnh-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup> Bertolak dari kekhawatiran ini, pada tahun 1980 Pemerintah Indonesia menetapkan berdirinya <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Komodo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Komodo">Taman Nasional Komodo</a> untuk melindungi populasi komodo dan ekosistemnya di beberapa pulau termasuk Komodo, Rinca, dan Padar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-knp_45-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-knp-45" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[46]</a></sup></div>
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Belakangan ditetapkan pula Cagar Alam Wae Wuul dan Wolo Tado di Pulau Flores untuk membantu pelestarian komodo.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-natgeo_43-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-natgeo-43" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[44]</a></sup> Namun pada sisi yang lain, ada bukti-bukti yang menunjukkan bahwa komodo, setidaknya sebagian, telah terbiasa pada kehadiran manusia. Komodo-komodo ini terbiasa diberi makan karkas hewan ternak, sebagai atraksi untuk menarik turis pada beberapa lokasi kunjungan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-world_3-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-world-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></div>
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Aktivitas <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vulkanis&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Vulkanis (halaman belum tersedia)">vulkanis</a>, gempa bumi, kerusakan habitat, kebakaran (populasi komodo di Pulau Padar hampir punah karena kebakaran alami<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-natgeo_43-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-natgeo-43" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[44]</a></sup>),<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-location_10-11" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-location-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup> berkurangnya mangsa, meningkatnya pariwisata, dan perburuan gelap; semuanya menyumbang pada status <i>rentan</i> yang disandang komodo. <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/CITES" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="CITES">CITES</a> (<i>the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species</i>) telah menetapkan bahwa perdagangan komodo, kulitnya, dan produk-produk lain dari hewan ini adalah ilegal.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-zipcode_15-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-zipcode-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[16]</a></sup></div>
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Meskipun jarang terjadi, komodo diketahui dapat membunuh manusia. Pada tanggal 4 Juni 2007, seekor komodo diketahui menyerang seorang anak laki-laki berumur delapan tahun. Anak ini kemudian meninggal karena perdarahan berat dari luka-lukanya. Ini adalah catatan pertama mengenai serangan yang berakibat kematian pada 33 tahun terakhir.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-46" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-46" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[47]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="mw-headline" id="Penangkaran"><br />Penangkaran</span></h3>
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<a class="image" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:KdragonT.zoo.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><img alt="" class="thumbimage" height="110" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/KdragonT.zoo.jpg/220px-KdragonT.zoo.jpg" style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-color: initial; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-left-style: solid; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-right-style: solid; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-style: solid; border-top-width: 1px; border-width: initial; vertical-align: middle;" width="220" /></a><br />
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:KdragonT.zoo.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
Komodo di Kebun Binatang <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toronto" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>.</div>
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Telah semenjak lama komodo menjadi tontonan yang menarik di berbagai <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_binatang" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun binatang">kebun binatang</a>, terutama karena ukuran tubuh dan reputasinya yang membuatnya begitu populer. Meski demikian hewan ini jarang dipunyai kebun binatang, karena komodo rentan terhadap infeksi dan penyakit akibat parasit, serta tak mudah berkembang biak.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-amnh_2-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-amnh-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup></div>
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Komodo yang pertama dipertontonkan adalah pada <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebun_Binatang_Smithsonian" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kebun Binatang Smithsonian">Kebun Binatang Smithsonian</a> di tahun 1934, namun hewan ini hanya bertahan hidup selama dua tahun. Upaya-upaya untuk memelihara reptil ini terus dilanjutkan, namun usia binatang ini dalam tangkaran tak begitu panjang, rata-rata hanya 5 tahun di kebun binatang tersebut. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Walter Auffenberg di atas, yang hasilnya kemudian diterbitkan sebagai buku <i>The Behavioral Ecology of the Komodo Monitor</i>, pada akhirnya memungkinkan pemeliharaan dan pembiakan satwa langka ini di penangkaran.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-komo_1-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-komo-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup></div>
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Telah teramati bahwa banyak individu komodo yang dipelihara memperlihatkan perilaku yang jinak untuk jangka waktu tertentu. Dilaporkan pada banyak kali kejadian, bahwa para pawang berhasil membawa keluar komodo dari kandangnya untuk berinteraksi dengan pengunjung, termasuk pula anak-anak di antaranya, tanpa akibat yang membahayakan pengunjung.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-procter_47-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-procter-47" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[48]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-lederer_48-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-lederer-48" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[49]</a></sup> Komodo agaknya dapat mengenali orang satu persatu. Ruston Hartdegen dari Kebun Binatang <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Dallas">Dallas</a> melaporkan bahwa komodo-komodo yang dipeliharanya bereaksi berbeda apabila berhadapan dengan pawang yang biasa memeliharanya, dengan pawang lain yang kurang lebih sudah dikenal, atau dengan pawang yang sama sekali belum dikenal.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-dragons_49-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-dragons-49" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[50]</a></sup></div>
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Penelitian terhadap komodo peliharaan membuktikan bahwa hewan ini senang bermain. Suatu kajian mengenai komodo yang mau mendorong sekop yang ditinggalkan oleh pawangnya, nyata-nyata memperlihatkan bahwa hewan itu tertarik pada suara yang ditimbulkan sekop ketika menggeser sepanjang permukaan yang berbatu. Seekor komodo betina muda di Kebun Binatang Nasional di<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C." style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> senang meraih dan mengguncangkan aneka benda termasuk patung-patung, kaleng-kaleng minuman, lingkaran plastik, dan selimut. Komodo ini pun senang memasuk-masukkan kepalanya ke dalam kotak, sepatu, dan aneka obyek lainnya. Komodo tersebut bukan tak bisa membedakan benda-benda tadi dengan makanan; ia baru memakannya apabila benda-benda tadi dilumuri dengan darah tikus. Perilaku bermain-main ini dapat diperbandingkan dengan perilaku bermain mamalia.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-firefly_5-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-firefly-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Catatan lain mengenai kesenangan bermain komodo didapat dari Universitas <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tennessee" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tennessee">Tennessee</a>. Seekor komodo muda yang diberi nama "Kraken" bermain dengan gelang-gelang plastik, sepatu, ember, dan kaleng, dengan cara mendorongnya, memukul-mukulnya, dan membawanya dengan mulutnya. Kraken memperlakukan benda-benda itu berbeda dengan apa yang menjadi makanannya, mendorong Gordon Burghardt –peneliti– menyimpulkan bahwa hewan-hewan ini telah mementahkan pandangan bahwa permainan semacam itu adalah “perilaku predator bermotif-pemangsaan”.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-50" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-50" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[51]</a></sup></div>
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Komodo yang nampak jinak sekalipun dapat berperilaku agresif secara tak terduga, khususnya apabila teritorinya dilanggar oleh seseorang yang tak dikenalnya. Pada bulan Juni 2001, serangan seekor komodo menimbulkan luka-luka serius pada Phil Bronstein -- editor eksekutif harian <i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a></i> dan bekas suami <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharon_Stone" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sharon Stone">Sharon Stone</a>, seorang aktris Amerika terkenal -- ketika ia memasuki kandang binatang itu atas undangan pawangnya. Bronstein digigit komodo itu di kakinya yang telanjang, setelah si pawang menyarankannya agar membuka sepatu putihnya, yang dikhawatirkan bisa memancing perhatian si komodo.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-51" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-51" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[52]</a></sup><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-52" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-52" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[53]</a></sup> Meski pria itu berhasil lolos, namun ia membutuhkan pembedahan untuk menyambung kembali <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tendon&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Tendon (halaman belum tersedia)">tendon</a> ototnya yang terluka.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-53" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biawak_komodo#cite_note-53" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[54]</a><br /><span style="font-size: 12px; line-height: 19px;">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</span>
</sup></div>Bagus Maulanahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11494128227832125685noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3152532686223463565.post-27135175659227884392012-03-03T05:02:00.001-08:002012-03-05T00:34:17.626-08:00Orang Utan<br />
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<b>Orang utan</b> (atau <b>orangutan</b>, nama lainnya adalah <b>mawas</b>) adalah sejenis <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kera" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kera">kera</a> besar dengan lengan panjang dan berbulu kemerahan atau <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cokelat" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Cokelat">cokelat</a>, yang hidup di hutan tropika <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, khususnya di Pulau <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatera" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatera">Sumatera</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-National_1-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-National-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[2]</a></sup> <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Red_2-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Red-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;"><span style="background-color: white;"><br />Istilah "orang utan" diambil dari </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bahasa Indonesia">bahasa Indonesia</a><span style="background-color: white;">, yang berarti manusia (orang) </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hutan">hutan</a><span style="background-color: white;">. Orang utan mencakup dua </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spesies" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Spesies">spesies</a><span style="background-color: white;">, yaitu orang utan sumatera (</span><i style="background-color: white;">Pongo abelii</i><span style="background-color: white;">) dan orang utan kalimantan (borneo) (</span><i style="background-color: white;">Pongo pygmaeus</i><span style="background-color: white;">). </span><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-0" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup><span style="background-color: white;"> Yang unik adalah orang utan memiliki kekerabatan dekat dengan </span><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manusia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Manusia">manusia</a><span style="background-color: white;"> pada tingkat</span><i style="background-color: white;">kingdom animalia</i><span style="background-color: white;">, dimana orang utan memiliki tingkat kesamaan </span><a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="DNA">DNA</a><span style="background-color: white;"> sebesar 96.4%.</span><sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-SOS_4-0" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-SOS-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup>[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Deskripsi">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Deskripsi">Deskripsi</span></h2>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Ciri-Ciri">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Ciri-Ciri">Ciri-Ciri</span></h2>
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Mereka memiliki tubuh yang gemuk dan besar, berleher besar, lengan yang panjang dan kuat, kaki yang pendek dan tertunduk, dan tidak mempunyai <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ekor" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Ekor">ekor</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Orangutan memiliki tinggi sekitar 1.25-1.5 meter.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-panda_6-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-panda-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup></div>
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Tubuh orangutan diselimuti rambut merah kecoklatan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Red_2-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Red-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[3]</a></sup> Mereka mempunyai kepala yang besar dengan posisi mulut yang tinggi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Saat mencapai tingkat kematangan seksual, orangutan jantan memiliki <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pelipis&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Pelipis (halaman belum tersedia)">pelipis</a> yang gemuk pada kedua sisi, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubun-ubun" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Ubun-ubun">ubun-ubun</a> yang besar, rambut menjadi panjang dan tumbuh janggut disekitar wajah.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Biology_7-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Biology-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup> Mereka mempunyai <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indera" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Indera">indera</a> yang sama seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manusia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Manusia">manusia</a>, yaitu pendengaran, penglihatan, penciuman, pengecap, dan peraba.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Berat orangutan jantan sekitar 50-90 kg, sedangkan orangutan betina beratnya sekitar 30-50 kg.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-panda_6-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-panda-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[7]</a></sup></div>
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Telapak tangan mereka mempunyai 4 jari-jari panjang ditambah 1 ibu jari.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Telapak kaki mereka juga memiliki susunan jari-jemari yang sangat mirip dengan manusia.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Orangutan masih termasuk dalam spesies <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kera_besar&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Kera besar (halaman belum tersedia)">kera besar</a> seperti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorila" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Gorila">gorila</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simpanse" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Simpanse">simpanse</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Golongan kera besar masuk dalam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klasifikasi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Klasifikasi">klasifikasi</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammalia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Mammalia">mammalia</a>, memiliki ukuran otak yang besar, mata yang mengarah kedepan, dan tangan yang dapat melakukan genggaman.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Klasifikasi">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Klasifikasi">Klasifikasi</span></h2>
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Orangutan termasuk hewan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Vertebrata">vertebrata</a>, yang berarti bahwa mereka memiliki tulang belakang.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Orangutan juga termasuk hewan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mamalia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Mamalia">mamalia</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primata" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Primata">primata</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Spesies dan Subspesies">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Spesies_dan_Subspesies">Spesies dan Subspesies</span></h3>
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1. Ada 2 jenis spesies orangutan, yaitu orangutan Kalimantan/Borneo (<i>Pongo pygmaeus</i>) dan Orangutan Sumatra (<i>Pongo abelii</i>).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></div>
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2. Keturunan Orangutan Sumatra dan Kalimantan berbeda sejak 1.1 sampai 2.3 juta tahun yang lalu. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></div>
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3. Subspecies</div>
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<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Pembelajaran genetik telah mengidentifikasi 3 subspesies Orangutan Borneo : <i>P.p.pygmaeus</i>, <i>P.p.wurmbii</i>, <i>P.p.morio</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup> Masing-masing subspesies berdiferensiasi sesuai dengan daerah sebaran geografisnya dan meliputi ukuran tubuh.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Orangutan Kalimantan Tengah (<i>P.p.wurmbii</i>) mendiami daerah Kalimantan Barat dan Kalimantan Tengah.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup> Mereka merupakan subspesies Borneo yang terbesar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-5" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Orangutan Kalimantan daerah Timur Laut (<i>P.p.morio</i>) mendiami daerah Sabah dan daerah Kalimantan Timur.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-6" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup> Mereka merupakan subspesies yang terkecil.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-7" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Saat ini tidak ada subspecies orangutan Kalimantan yang berhasil dikenali.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-species_8-8" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-species-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[9]</a></sup></li>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Lokasi dan habitat">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Lokasi_dan_habitat">Lokasi dan habitat</span></h2>
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<a class="internal" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkas:Kutai_Orangutan_2008.jpg" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: initial !important; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; color: #0b0080; display: block; text-decoration: none;" title="Perbesar"><img alt="" height="11" src="http://bits.wikimedia.org/skins-1.19/common/images/magnify-clip.png" style="background-attachment: initial !important; background-clip: initial !important; background-color: white; background-image: none !important; background-origin: initial !important; background-position: initial initial !important; background-repeat: initial initial !important; border-bottom-style: none !important; border-color: initial !important; border-color: initial; border-image: initial !important; border-left-style: none !important; border-right-style: none !important; border-top-style: none !important; border-width: initial !important; border-width: initial; display: block; vertical-align: middle;" width="15" /></a></div>
<strong class="selflink">Orang utan</strong> di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Kutai" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Kutai">Taman Nasional Kutai</a></div>
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Orangutan ditemukan di wilayah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutan_hujan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hutan hujan">hutan hujan</a> tropis <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asia_Tenggara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Asia Tenggara">Asia Tenggara</a>, yaitu di pulau <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Borneo">Borneo</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> di wilayah bagian negara <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> dan<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Mereka biasa tinggal di pepohonan lebat dan membuat sarangnya dari dedaunan.{{fact Orangutan dapat hidup pada berbagai tipe <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hutan">hutan</a>, mulai dari hutan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dipterokarpus&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Dipterokarpus (halaman belum tersedia)">dipterokarpus</a> perbukitan dan dataran rendah, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daerah_aliran_sungai" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Daerah aliran sungai">daerah aliran sungai</a>, hutan rawa air tawar, <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rawa_gambut&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Rawa gambut (halaman belum tersedia)">rawa gambut</a>, tanah kering di atas <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rawa_bakau&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Rawa bakau (halaman belum tersedia)">rawa bakau</a> dan<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nipah" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Nipah">nipah</a>, sampai ke hutan pegunungan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup></div>
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Di Borneo, orangutan dapat ditemukan pada ketinggian 500 m di atas permukaan laut (dpl), sedangkan kerabatnya di Sumatra dilaporkan dapat mencapai hutan pegunungan pada ketinggian 1.000 m dpl.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Orangutan Sumatra merupakan salah satu <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hewan_endemis&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Hewan endemis (halaman belum tersedia)">hewan endemis</a> yang hanya ada di Sumatra.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup>Orangutan di Sumatra hanya menempati bagian utara pulau itu, mulai dari <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Timang_Gajah&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Timang Gajah (halaman belum tersedia)">Timang Gajah</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aceh_Tengah" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Aceh Tengah">Aceh Tengah</a> sampai <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sitinjak&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Sitinjak (halaman belum tersedia)">Sitinjak</a> di <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapanuli_Selatan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tapanuli Selatan">Tapanuli Selatan</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup>Keberadaan hewan mamalia ini dilindungi Undang-Undang 5 tahun 1990 tentang <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Konservasi_Sumber_Daya_Alam_Hayati_dan_Ekosistemnya&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya (halaman belum tersedia)">Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya</a>dan digolongkan sebagai <i>Critically Endangered</i> oleh IUCN.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IUCN_9-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-IUCN-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[10]</a></sup></div>
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Di Sumatra, salah satu populasi orangutan terdapat di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Batang_Toru&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Batang Toru (halaman belum tersedia)">Batang Toru</a>, <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra_Utara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatra Utara">Sumatra Utara</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Populasi orangutan liar di Sumatra diperkirakan sejumlah 7.300<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-10" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[11]</a></sup>. Di DAS Batang Toru 380 ekor dengan kepadatan pupulasi sekitar 0,47 sampai 0,82 ekor per kilometer persegi. Populasi orangutan Sumatra (<i>Pongo abelii lesson</i>) kini diperkirakan 7.500 ekor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Padahal pada era 1990 an, diperkirakan 200.000 ekor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Populasi mereka terdapat di 13 daerah terpisah secara geografis.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Kondisi ini menyebabkan kelangsungan hidup mereka semakin terancam punah. <a class="external autonumber" href="http://www.kompas.co.id/ver1/Nusantara/0703/28/202727.htm" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">[1]</a></div>
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Saat ini hampir semua Orangutan Sumatra hanya ditemukan di Provinsi <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra_Utara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatra Utara">Sumatra Utara</a> dan Provinsi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aceh" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Aceh">Aceh</a>, dengan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Danau_Toba" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Danau Toba">Danau Toba</a> sebagai batas paling selatan sebarannya.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Hanya 2 populasi yang relatif kecil berada di sebelah barat daya [[danau], yaitu <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarulla_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Sarulla Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Sarulla Timur</a> dan hutan-hutan di <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Batang_Toru_Barat&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Batang Toru Barat (halaman belum tersedia)">Batang Toru Barat</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IUCN_9-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-IUCN-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[10]</a></sup>Populasi orangutan terbesar di Sumatra dijumpai di <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leuser_Barat&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Leuser Barat (halaman belum tersedia)">Leuser Barat</a> (2.508 individu) dan Leuser Timur (1.052 individu), serta Rawa Singkil (1.500 individu).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup>Populasi lain yang diperkirakan potensial untuk bertahan dalam jangka panjang (viable) terdapat di Batang Toru,<a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra_Utara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatra Utara">Sumatra Utara</a>, dengan ukuran sekitar 400 individu.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup></div>
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Orangutan di Borneo yang dikategorikan sebagai <i>endangered</i> oleh <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="IUCN">IUCN</a> terbagi dalam tiga subspesies: Orangutan di Borneo dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga anak jenis, yaitu <i>Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus</i>yang berada di bagian utara <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Kapuas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sungai Kapuas">Sungai Kapuas</a> sampai ke timur laut Sarawak; <i>Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii</i> yang ditemukan mulai dari selatan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Kapuas" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sungai Kapuas">Sungai Kapuas</a> hingga bagian barat <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Barito" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sungai Barito">Sungai Barito</a>; dan <i>Pongo pygmaeus morio</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup> Di Borneo, orangutan dapat ditemukan di <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabah" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sabah">Sabah</a>, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarawak" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sarawak">Sarawak</a>, dan hampir seluruh hutan dataran rendah Kalimantan, kecuali <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalimantan_Selatan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kalimantan Selatan">Kalimantan Selatan</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brunei_Darussalam" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Brunei Darussalam">Brunei Darussalam</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-IUCN2_11-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-IUCN2-11" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[12]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Makanan">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Makanan">Makanan</span></h2>
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Meskipun orangutan termasuk hewan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omnivora" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Omnivora">omnivora</a>, sebagian besar dari mereka hanya memakan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tumbuhan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Tumbuhan">tumbuhan</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-5" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> 90% dari makanannya berupa buah-buahan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Makanannya antara lain adalah <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kulit_pohon&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Kulit pohon (halaman belum tersedia)">kulit pohon</a>, dedaunan, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunga" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Bunga">bunga</a>, beberapa jenis <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serangga" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Serangga">serangga</a>, dan sekitar 300 jenis buah-buahan<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Diet_12-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Diet-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup></div>
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Selain itu mereka juga memakan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nektar" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Nektar">nektar</a>,<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madu" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Madu">madu</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamur" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Jamur">jamur</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Mereka juga gemar makan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durian" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Durian">durian</a>, walaupun aromanya tajam, tetapi mereka menyukainya. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-5" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></div>
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Orangutan bahkan tidak perlu meninggalkan pohon mereka jika ingin minum. Mereka biasanya meminum <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Air">air</a> yang telah terkumpul di lubang-lubang di antara cabang pohon.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-6" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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Biasanya induk orangutan mengajarkan bagaimana cara mendapatkan makanan, bagaimana cara mendapatkan minuman, dan berbagai jenis <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohon" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pohon">pohon</a> pada <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musim" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Musim">musim</a> yang berbeda-beda.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Diet_12-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Diet-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup> Melalui ini, dapat terlihat bahwa orangutan ternyata memiliki peta lokasi hutan yang kompleks di otak mereka, sehingga mereka tidak menyia-nyiakan tenaga pada saat mencari makanan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Diet_12-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Diet-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup> Dan anaknya juga dapat mengetahui beragam jenis pohon dan tanaman, yang mana yang bisa dimakan dan bagaimana cara memproses makanan yang terlindungi oleh <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cangkang&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Cangkang (halaman belum tersedia)">cangkang</a> dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duri" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Duri">duri</a> yang tajam. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Diet_12-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Diet-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[13]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Predator">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Predator">Predator</span></h2>
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<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predator" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Predator">Predator</a> terbesar orangutan dewasa ini adalah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manusia" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Manusia">manusia</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-7" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Selain manusia, predator orangutan adalah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macan_tutul" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Macan tutul">macan tutul</a>, babi, buaya, <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ular" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Ular">ular</a> <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phyton" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Phyton">phyton</a>, dan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elang" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Elang">elang</a> hitam.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-8" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Cara melindungi diri">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Cara_melindungi_diri">Cara melindungi diri</span></h2>
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Orangutan termasuk <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makhluk" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Makhluk">makhluk</a> pemalu. Mereka jarang memperlihatkan dirinya kepada orang atau makhluk lain yang tak dikenalnya.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="line-height: 1em;"><span style="white-space: nowrap;" title="Kalimat yang diikuti tag ini membutuhkan rujukan.">[<i><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kutip_sumber_tulisan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Wikipedia:Kutip sumber tulisan">rujukan?</a></i>]</span></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Reproduksi">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Reproduksi">Reproduksi</span></h2>
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Orangutan betina biasanya melahirkan pada usia 7-10 tahun dengan lama kandungan berkisar antara 8,5 hingga 9 bulan; hampir sama dengan manusia. Jumlah bayi yang dilahirkan seorang betina biasanya hanya satu. Bayi orangutan dapat hidup mandiri pada usia 6-7 tahun. Kebergantungan orangutan pada induknya merupakan yang terlama dari semua hewan, karena ada banyak hal yang harus dipelajari untuk bisa bertahan hidup, mereka biasanya dipelihara hingga berusia 6 tahun. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Biology_7-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Biology-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup></div>
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Orangutan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Berkembangbiak&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Berkembangbiak (halaman belum tersedia)">berkembangbiak</a> lebih lama dibandingkan hewan primata lainnya, orangutan betina hanya melahirkan seekor anak setiap 7-8 tahun sekali.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-SOS_4-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-SOS-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup> Umur orangutan di alam liar sekitar 45 tahun, dan sepanjang gidupnya orangutan betina hanya memiliki 3 keturunan seumur hidupnya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-SOS_4-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-SOS-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup> Dimana itu berarti <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reproduksi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Reproduksi">reproduksi</a> orangutan sangat lambat.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-SOS_4-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-SOS-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[5]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Cara bergerak">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Cara_bergerak">Cara bergerak</span></h2>
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Orangutan dapat bergerak cepat dari pohon ke pohon dengan cara berayun pada cabang-cabang pohon, atau yang biasa dipanggil <i>brachiating</i>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-9" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup> Mereka juga dapat berjalan dengan kedua kakinya, namun jarang sekali ditemukan. Orang utan tidak dapat <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berenang" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Berenang">berenang</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-senses_5-10" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-senses-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[6]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=11" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Cara Hidup">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Cara_Hidup">Cara Hidup</span></h2>
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Tidak seperti gorila dan simpanse, orangutan tidak hidup dalam sekawanan yang besar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-6" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Mereka merupakan hewan yang <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semi-soliter&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Semi-soliter (halaman belum tersedia)">semi-soliter</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-7" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Orangutan jantan biasanya ditemukan sendirian dan orangutan betina biasanya ditemani oleh beberapa anaknya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-8" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Walaupun oranutan sering memanjat dan membangun tempat tidur dipohon, mereka pada intinya merupakan hewan<a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terrestrial&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Terrestrial (halaman belum tersedia)">terrestrial</a>(menghabiskan hidup ditanah).<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Behaviour_13-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Behaviour-13" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[14]</a></sup></div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0.6em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em; text-align: -webkit-auto; width: auto;">
<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Beberapa fakta menarik">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Beberapa_fakta_menarik">Beberapa fakta menarik</span></h2>
<ul style="background-color: white; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 19px; list-style-image: url(https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/18/Monobook-bullet.png); list-style-type: square; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 1.6em; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0.3em; padding-bottom: 0px; padding-left: 0px; padding-right: 0px; padding-top: 0px; text-align: -webkit-auto;">
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Orangutan dapat menggunakan tongkat sebagai alat bantu untuk mengambil makanan, dan menggunakan daun sebagai pelindung sinar matahari.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-facts_14-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-facts-14" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[15]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Orangutan jantan terbesar memiliki rentangan lengan (panjang dari satu ujung tangan ke ujung tangan yang lain apabila kedua tangan direntangkan) mencapai 2.3 m.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Biology_7-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Biology-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup></li>
<li style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;">Orangutan jantan dapat membuat panggilan jarak jauh yang dapat didengar dalam <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radius" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Radius">radius</a> 1 km.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Biology_7-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Biology-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup> Digunakan untuk menandai/mengawasi arealnya, memanggil sang betina, mencegah orang utan jantan lainnya yang mengganggu. Mereka mempunyai kantung tenggorokan yang besar yang membuat mereka mampu melakukannya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Biology_7-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Biology-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[8]</a></sup></li>
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<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0.6em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em; text-align: -webkit-auto; width: auto;">
<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=13" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Populasi">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Populasi">Populasi</span></h2>
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Orangutan saat ini hanya terdapat di Sumatra dan Kalimantan, di wilayah Asia Tenggara.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Populasi_15-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Populasi-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[16]</a></sup> Karena tempat tinggalnya merupakan hutan yang lebat, maka sulit untuk memperkirakan jumlah populasi yang tepat.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Populasi_15-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Populasi-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[16]</a></sup> Di Borneo, populasi orangutan diperkirakan sekitar 55.000 individu.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Populasi_15-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Populasi-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[16]</a></sup> Di Sumatra, jumlahnya diperkirakan sekitar 7.500 individu.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Populasi_15-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Populasi-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[16]</a></sup></div>
<h2 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: rgb(170, 170, 170); border-bottom-style: solid; border-bottom-width: 1px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 19px; font-weight: normal; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0.6em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em; text-align: -webkit-auto; width: auto;">
<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=14" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Ancaman">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Ancaman">Ancaman</span></h2>
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Ancaman terbesar yang tengah dialami oleh orangutan adalah <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habitat" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Habitat">habitat</a> yang semakin sempit karena kawasan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutan_hujan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hutan hujan">hutan hujan</a> yang menjadi tempat tinggalnya dijadikan sebagai lahan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelapa_sawit" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Kelapa sawit">kelapa sawit</a>,<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertambangan" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pertambangan">pertambangan</a> dan pepohonan ditebang untuk diambil kayunya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-9" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Orangutan telah kehilangan 80% wilayah habitatnya dalam waktu kurang dari 20 tahun.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-10" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Tak jarang mereka juga dilukai dan bahkan dibunuh oleh para <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petani" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Petani">petani</a> dan pemilik lahan karena dianggap sebagai <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hama" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hama">hama</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-11" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Jika seekor orangutan betina ditemukan dengan anaknya, maka induknya akan dibunuh dan anaknya kemudian dijual dalam perdagangan hewan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilegal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Ilegal">ilegal</a>. Pusat rehabilitasi didirikan untuk merawat oranutan yang sakit, terluka dan yang telah kehilangan induknya. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-12" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup> Mereka dirawat dengan tujuan untuk dikembalikan ke habitat aslinya. <sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-org_3-13" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-org-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[4]</a></sup></div>
<h3 style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: white; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; border-bottom-color: initial; border-bottom-style: none; border-bottom-width: initial; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 17px; line-height: 19px; margin-bottom: 0.3em; margin-left: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; padding-bottom: 0.17em; padding-top: 0.5em; text-align: -webkit-auto; width: auto;">
<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Pembukaan Lahan dan Konversi Perkebunan">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Pembukaan_Lahan_dan_Konversi_Perkebunan">Pembukaan Lahan dan Konversi Perkebunan</span></h3>
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Di Sumatra, populasinya hanya berada di daerah Leuser, yang luasnya 2.6 juta hektare yang mencakup Aceh dan Sumatra Utara.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Leuser telah dinyatakan sebagai salah satu dari kawasan<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keanekaragaman_hayati" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Keanekaragaman hayati">keanekaragaman hayati</a> yang terpenting dan ditunjuk sebagai <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNESCO" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warisan_Hutan_Hujan_Tropis_Sumatera" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Warisan Hutan Hujan Tropis Sumatera">Warisan Hutan Hujan Tropis Sumatera</a> pada tahun 2004.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Ekosistemnya menggabungkan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taman_Nasional_Gunung_Leuser" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser">Taman Nasional Gunung Leuser</a>, tetapi kebanyakan para Orangutan tinggal diluar batas area yang dilindungi, dimana luas hutan berkurang sebesar 10-15% tiap tahunnya untuk dijadikan sebagai area penebangan dan sebagai kawasan <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertanian" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Pertanian">pertanian</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang mengalami berkurangnya jumlah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutan_tropis" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hutan tropis">hutan tropis</a> terbesar didunia.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Tidak ada tanda-tanda yang menunjukkan berkurangnya laju <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deforestasi" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Deforestasi">deforestasi</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Sekitar 15 tahun yang lalu, tercatat sekitar 1.7 juta hektare luas hutan yang terus ditebang setiap tahunnya di Indonesia, dan terus bertambah pada tahun 2000 sebanyak 2 juta hektare.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-5" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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Penebangan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Legal">legal</a> dan <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilegal" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Ilegal">ilegal</a> telah membawa dampak penyusutan jumlah hutan di Sumatra.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-6" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Pembukaan hutan sebagai ladang sawit di Sumatra dan Kalimantan juga telah mengakibatkan pembabatan hutan sebanyak jutaan hektare, dan semua dataran hutan yang tidak terlindungi akan mengalami hal yang sama nantinya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-7" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konflik" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Konflik">Konflik</a> mematikan yang sering terjadi di perkebunan adalah saat dimana Orangutan yang habitatnya makin berkurang karena pembukaan hutan harus mencari makanan yang cukup untuk bertahan hidup.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-8" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spesies" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Spesies">Spesies</a> yang dilindungi dan <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terancam_punah&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Terancam punah (halaman belum tersedia)">terancam punah</a> ini seringkali dipandang sebagai ancaman bagi keuntungan perkebunan karena mereka dianggap sebagai <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hama" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hama">hama</a> dan harus dibunuh.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-9" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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Orangutan biasanya dibunuh saat mereka memasuki area perkebunan dan merusak tanaman.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Threat_17-0" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Threat-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup> Hal ini sering terjadi karena orangutan tidak bisa menemukan makanan yang mereka butuhkan di hutan tempat mereka tinggal.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Threat_17-1" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Threat-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; font-weight: normal; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Perdagangan Ilegal">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Perdagangan_Ilegal">Perdagangan Ilegal</span></h3>
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Secara teori, orangutan telah dilindungi di Sumatra dengan peraturan perundang-undangan sejak tahun 1931, yang melarang untuk memiliki, membunuh atau menangkap orangutan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-10" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Tetapi pada prakteknya, para pemburu masih sering memburu mereka, kebanyakan untuk perdagangan hewan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-11" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Pada hukum internasional, orangutan masuk dalam Appendix I dari daftar <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/CITES" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="CITES">CITES</a>(<i>Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species</i>) yang melarang dilakukannya perdagangan karena mengingat status konservasi dari spesies ini dialam bebas.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-12" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Namun, tetap saja ada banyak permintaan terhadap bayi orangutan, baik itu permintaan lokal, nasional dan internasional untuk dijadikan sebagai hewan peliharaan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-13" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Anak orangutan sangat bergantung pada induknya untuk bertahan hidup dan juga dalam proses perkembangan, untuk mengambil anak dari orangutan maka induknya harus dibunuh.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-14" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Diperkirakan, untuk setiap bayi yang selamat dari penangkapan dan pengangkutan merepresentasikan kematian dari orangutan betina dewasa.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-15" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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Menurut data dari <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Website" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Website">website</a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWF" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="WWF">WWF</a>, diperkirakan telah terjadi pengimporan orangutan bernama ke Taiwan sebanyak 1000 ekor yang terjadi antara tahun 1985 dan 1990.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Threat_17-2" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Threat-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup> Untuk setiap orangutan yang tiba di Taiwan, maka ada 3 sampai 5 hewan lain yang mati dalam prosesnya.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Threat_17-3" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Threat-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup></div>
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Perdagangan orangutan dilaporakan juga terjadi di Kalimantan, dimana baik orangutan itu hidaup atau mati juga masih tetap terjual.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Threat_17-4" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Threat-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[18]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Status Konservasi Orang Utan">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Status_Konservasi_Orang_Utan">Status Konservasi Orang Utan</span></h2>
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Orangutan Sumatra telah masuk dalam klasifikasi <i>Critically Endangered</i> dalam daftar <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/IUCN" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="IUCN">IUCN</a>. Populasinya menurun drastis dimana pada tahun 1994 jumlahnya mencapai lebih dari 12.000, namun pada tahun 2003 menjadi sekitar 7.300 ekor.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-16" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Data pada tahun 2008 melaporkan bahwa diperkirakan jumlah Orangutan Sumatra di alam liar hanya tinggal sekitar 6.500 ekor.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-17" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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Secara <a class="new" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Historis&action=edit&redlink=1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #a55858; text-decoration: none;" title="Historis (halaman belum tersedia)">historis</a>, orangutan ditemukan di kawasan hutan lintas Sumatra, tetapi sekarang terbatas hanya didaerah <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra_Utara" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatra Utara">Sumatra Utara</a> dan provinsi <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aceh" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Aceh">Aceh</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-18" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Habitat yang sesuai untuk Orangutan saat ini hanya tersisa sekitar kurang dari 900.000 hektare di pulau <a class="mw-redirect" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumatra" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-19" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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Saat ini diperkirakan orangutan akan menjadi spesies kera besar pertama yang punah di alam liar.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-20" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Penyebab utamanya adalah berkurangnya habitat dan perdagangan hewan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-21" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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Orangutan merupakan spesies dasar bagi konservasi.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-22" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Orangutan memegang peranan penting bagi regenerasi hutan melalui buah-buahan dan biji-bijian yang mereka makan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-23" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup> Hilangnya orangutan mencerminkan hilangnya ratusan spesies tanaman dan hewan pada ekosistem hutan hujan.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-24" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hutan_primer" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Hutan primer">Hutan primer</a> dunia yang tersisa merupakan dasar kesejahteraan manusia, dan kunci dari planet yang sehat adalah keanekaragaman hayati, menyelamatkan orangutan turut menolong mamalia, burung, reptil, amfibi, serangga, tanaman, dan berbagain macam spesies lainnya yang hidup di hutan hujan Indonesia.<sup class="reference" id="cite_ref-Crisis_16-25" style="line-height: 1em;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_note-Crisis-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">[17]</a></sup></div>
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<span class="editsection" style="float: right; font-size: 13px; margin-left: 5px;">[<a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orang_utan&action=edit&section=18" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi">sunting</a>]</span><span class="mw-headline" id="Referensi">Referensi</span></h2>
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<li id="cite_note-MSW3-0" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-MSW3_0-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation book" style="word-wrap: break-word;"><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colin_Groves" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;" title="Colin Groves">Groves, Colin</a> (16 September 2005). Wilson, D. E., dan Reeder, D. M. (eds). ed. <i>Mammal Species of the World</i> (edisi ke-edisi ketiga). Johns Hopkins University Press. hlm. 183-184. <a class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0801882214" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">ISBN 0-801-88221-4</a>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mammal+Species+of+the+World&rft.aulast=Groves&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.au=Groves%2C%26%2332%3BColin&rft.date=16+September+2005&rft.pages=hlm.%26nbsp%3B183-184&rft.edition=edisi+ketiga&rft.pub=Johns+Hopkins+University+Press&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Orang_utan"></span></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-National-1" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-National_1-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/orangutan.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">National Geographic</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-Red-2" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Red_2-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Red_2-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.red-ape.co.uk/orangutan/orang_anatomy.html" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Red Ape</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-org-3" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">e</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">f</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">g</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">h</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">i</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">j</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">k</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-11" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">l</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">m</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-org_3-13" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">n</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:BgGEeXkURksJ:www.orangutan.org.uk/downloads/kidsfactsheet.pdf+orangutan+facts&hl=en&gl=id&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgZ_xbYEL4AP-WF-65SerFFd_amz09LvtgWK3G5v_V3Aenk6i_zI07jMc7oeeChE3WfFiGq50ucSXzzq4Hn7yu-TTmJdh4bknC4twd6BYjcJ9zzZG8w-4dtcbUl-rdyy2Ak8SpQ&sig=AHIEtbQ5WOhd-AkvWCEaanTkOmUFr0WpXA" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Orangutan Foundation</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-SOS-4" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-SOS_4-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-SOS_4-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-SOS_4-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-SOS_4-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.orangutans-sos.org/orangutans/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">SOS</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-senses-5" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">e</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">f</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">g</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">h</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">i</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">j</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-senses_5-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">k</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/apes/orangutan/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Senses</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-panda-6" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-panda_6-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-panda_6-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.panda.org/what_we_do/endangered_species/great_apes/orangutans/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Orangutans</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-Biology-7" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Biology_7-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Biology_7-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Biology_7-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Biology_7-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Biology_7-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">e</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.orangutans.com.au/Orangutans-Survival-Information/Biology.aspx" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Biology</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-species-8" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">e</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">f</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">g</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">h</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-species_8-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">i</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span>[<a class="external free" href="http://www.seaworld.org/animal-" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">http://www.seaworld.org/animal-</a> info/info-books/orangutan/scientific-classification.htm Spesies]</span></li>
<li id="cite_note-IUCN-9" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-IUCN_9-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-IUCN_9-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/39780/0" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">IUCN</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-10" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Requested 10th January 2007; Submitted 27th January, Launched February 6th 2007. Nellemann, C., Miles, L., Kaltenborn, B. P., Virtue, M., and Ahlenius, H. (Eds). 2007. The last stand of the orangutan – State of emergency: Illegal logging, fire and palm oil in Indonesia’s national parks. United Nations Environment Programme, GRID-Arendal,Norway, www.grida.no. <a class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn" href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/9788277010435" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">ISBN 978-82-7701-043-5</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-IUCN2-11" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-IUCN2_11-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/17975/0" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">redlist</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-Diet-12" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Diet_12-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Diet_12-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Diet_12-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Diet_12-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.orangutans.com.au/Orangutans-Survival-Information/Diet.aspx" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Diet</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-Behaviour-13" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Behaviour_13-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.orangutans.com.au/Orangutans-Survival-Information/Behaviour.aspx" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Behaviour</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-facts-14" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b><a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-facts_14-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.orangutans.com.au/Orangutans-Survival-Information/Orangutan-Facts.aspx" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Fun Fact</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-Populasi-15" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Populasi_15-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Populasi_15-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Populasi_15-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Populasi_15-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/endangered_species/great_apes/orangutans/orangutans_population_distribution/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Population</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-Crisis-16" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">e</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-5" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">f</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-6" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">g</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-7" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">h</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-8" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">i</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-9" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">j</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-10" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">k</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-11" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">l</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-12" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">m</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-13" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">n</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-14" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">o</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-15" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">p</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-16" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">q</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-17" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">r</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-18" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">s</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-19" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">t</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-20" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">u</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-21" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">v</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-22" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">w</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-23" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">x</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-24" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">y</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Crisis_16-25" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">z</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://www.orangutans-sos.org/orangutans/crisis/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Orangutan Crisis</a></span></li>
<li id="cite_note-Threat-17" style="margin-bottom: 0.1em;"><b>^</b> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Threat_17-0" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">a</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Threat_17-1" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">b</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Threat_17-2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">c</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Threat_17-3" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">d</sup></a> <a href="http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_utan#cite_ref-Threat_17-4" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial initial; background-repeat: initial initial; color: #0b0080; text-decoration: none;"><sup style="line-height: 1em;">e</sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><span lang="Inggris" style="color: #777777; cursor: help; font-size: 0.95em; font-weight: bold;" title="Bahasa Inggris" xml:lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span><a class="external text" href="http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/endangered_species/great_apes/orangutans/orangutans_threats/" rel="nofollow" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-color: initial; background-image: url(data:image/png; background-origin: initial; background-position: 100% 50%; background-repeat: no-repeat no-repeat; color: #663366; padding-right: 13px; text-decoration: none;">Oranutan Threats</a></span></li>
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ang utan Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas Perubahan tertunda ditampilkan di halaman iniBelum Diperiksa ?Orangutan[1] Orangutan.jpg Status konservasi Status konservasi: Terancam Klasifikasi ilmiah Kerajaan: Animalia Filum: Chordata Kelas: Mamalia Ordo: Primata Famili: Hominidae Upafamili: Ponginae Elliot, 1912 Genus: Pongo Lacépède, 1799 Tipe spesies Simia pygmaeus Linnaeus, 1760 Distribusi Orang utan Distribusi Orang utan Spesies</div>
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Pongo pygmaeus Pongo abelii</div>
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Orang utan (atau orangutan, nama lainnya adalah mawas) adalah sejenis kera besar dengan lengan panjang dan berbulu kemerahan atau cokelat, yang hidup di hutan tropika Indonesia dan Malaysia, khususnya di Pulau Kalimantan dan Sumatera.[2] [3] Daftar isi</div>
<pre style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-left-style: dashed; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-right-style: dashed; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-top-style: dashed; border-top-width: 1px; font-family: monospace, Courier; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.3em; padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; padding-top: 1em; text-align: -webkit-auto;">[sembunyikan]
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<pre style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-left-style: dashed; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-right-style: dashed; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-top-style: dashed; border-top-width: 1px; font-family: monospace, Courier; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.3em; padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; padding-top: 1em; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> 1 Deskripsi
2 Ciri-Ciri
3 Klasifikasi
3.1 Spesies dan Subspesies
4 Lokasi dan habitat
5 Makanan
6 Predator
7 Cara melindungi diri
8 Reproduksi
9 Cara bergerak
10 Cara Hidup
11 Beberapa fakta menarik
12 Populasi
13 Ancaman
13.1 Pembukaan Lahan dan Konversi Perkebunan
13.2 Perdagangan Ilegal
14 Status Konservasi Orang Utan
15 Referensi
16 Pranala luar
17 Galeri
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[sunting] Deskripsi</div>
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Istilah "orang utan" diambil dari bahasa Indonesia, yang berarti manusia (orang) hutan. Orang utan mencakup dua spesies, yaitu orang utan sumatera (Pongo abelii) dan orang utan kalimantan (borneo) (Pongo pygmaeus). [4] Yang unik adalah orang utan memiliki kekerabatan dekat dengan manusia pada tingkat kingdom animalia, dimana orang utan memiliki tingkat kesamaan DNA sebesar 96.4%.[5] [sunting] Ciri-Ciri</div>
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Mereka memiliki tubuh yang gemuk dan besar, berleher besar, lengan yang panjang dan kuat, kaki yang pendek dan tertunduk, dan tidak mempunyai ekor.[6]</div>
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Orangutan memiliki tinggi sekitar 1.25-1.5 meter.[7]</div>
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Tubuh orangutan diselimuti rambut merah kecoklatan.[3] Mereka mempunyai kepala yang besar dengan posisi mulut yang tinggi.[6]</div>
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Saat mencapai tingkat kematangan seksual, orangutan jantan memiliki pelipis yang gemuk pada kedua sisi, ubun-ubun yang besar, rambut menjadi panjang dan tumbuh janggut disekitar wajah.[8] Mereka mempunyai indera yang sama seperti manusia, yaitu pendengaran, penglihatan, penciuman, pengecap, dan peraba.[6]</div>
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Berat orangutan jantan sekitar 50-90 kg, sedangkan orangutan betina beratnya sekitar 30-50 kg.[7]</div>
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Telapak tangan mereka mempunyai 4 jari-jari panjang ditambah 1 ibu jari.[6] Telapak kaki mereka juga memiliki susunan jari-jemari yang sangat mirip dengan manusia.[6]</div>
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Orangutan masih termasuk dalam spesies kera besar seperti gorila dan simpanse.[4] Golongan kera besar masuk dalam klasifikasi mammalia, memiliki ukuran otak yang besar, mata yang mengarah kedepan, dan tangan yang dapat melakukan genggaman.[4] [sunting] Klasifikasi</div>
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Orangutan termasuk hewan vertebrata, yang berarti bahwa mereka memiliki tulang belakang.[rujukan?] Orangutan juga termasuk hewan mamalia dan primata.[rujukan?] [sunting] Spesies dan Subspesies</div>
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1. Ada 2 jenis spesies orangutan, yaitu orangutan Kalimantan/Borneo (Pongo pygmaeus) dan Orangutan Sumatra (Pongo abelii).[9]</div>
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2. Keturunan Orangutan Sumatra dan Kalimantan berbeda sejak 1.1 sampai 2.3 juta tahun yang lalu. [9]</div>
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3. Subspecies</div>
<pre style="background-color: white; border-bottom-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-bottom-style: dashed; border-bottom-width: 1px; border-image: initial; border-left-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-left-style: dashed; border-left-width: 1px; border-right-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-right-style: dashed; border-right-width: 1px; border-top-color: rgb(47, 111, 171); border-top-style: dashed; border-top-width: 1px; font-family: monospace, Courier; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.3em; padding-bottom: 1em; padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em; padding-top: 1em; text-align: -webkit-auto;"> Pembelajaran genetik telah mengidentifikasi 3 subspesies Orangutan Borneo : P.p.pygmaeus, P.p.wurmbii, P.p.morio.[9] Masing-masing subspesies berdiferensiasi sesuai dengan daerah sebaran geografisnya dan meliputi ukuran tubuh.[9]
Orangutan Kalimantan Tengah (P.p.wurmbii) mendiami daerah Kalimantan Barat dan Kalimantan Tengah.[9] Mereka merupakan subspesies Borneo yang terbesar.[9]
Orangutan Kalimantan daerah Timur Laut (P.p.morio) mendiami daerah Sabah dan daerah Kalimantan Timur.[9] Mereka merupakan subspesies yang terkecil.[9]
Saat ini tidak ada subspecies orangutan Kalimantan yang berhasil dikenali.[9]
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[sunting] Lokasi dan habitat Orang utan di Taman Nasional Kutai</div>
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Orangutan ditemukan di wilayah hutan hujan tropis Asia Tenggara, yaitu di pulau Borneo dan Sumatra di wilayah bagian negara Indonesia dan Malaysia.[rujukan?] Mereka biasa tinggal di pepohonan lebat dan membuat sarangnya dari dedaunan.{{fact Orangutan dapat hidup pada berbagai tipe hutan, mulai dari hutan dipterokarpus perbukitan dan dataran rendah, daerah aliran sungai, hutan rawa air tawar, rawa gambut, tanah kering di atas rawa bakau dan nipah, sampai ke hutan pegunungan.[rujukan?]</div>
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Di Borneo, orangutan dapat ditemukan pada ketinggian 500 m di atas permukaan laut (dpl), sedangkan kerabatnya di Sumatra dilaporkan dapat mencapai hutan pegunungan pada ketinggian 1.000 m dpl.[rujukan?] Orangutan Sumatra merupakan salah satu hewan endemis yang hanya ada di Sumatra.[rujukan?] Orangutan di Sumatra hanya menempati bagian utara pulau itu, mulai dari Timang Gajah, Aceh Tengah sampai Sitinjak di Tapanuli Selatan.[rujukan?]Keberadaan hewan mamalia ini dilindungi Undang-Undang 5 tahun 1990 tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya dan digolongkan sebagai Critically Endangered oleh IUCN.[10]</div>
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Di Sumatra, salah satu populasi orangutan terdapat di daerah aliran sungai (DAS) Batang Toru, Sumatra Utara.[rujukan?] Populasi orangutan liar di Sumatra diperkirakan sejumlah 7.300[11]. Di DAS Batang Toru 380 ekor dengan kepadatan pupulasi sekitar 0,47 sampai 0,82 ekor per kilometer persegi. Populasi orangutan Sumatra (Pongo abelii lesson) kini diperkirakan 7.500 ekor.[rujukan?] Padahal pada era 1990 an, diperkirakan 200.000 ekor.[rujukan?] Populasi mereka terdapat di 13 daerah terpisah secara geografis.[rujukan?] Kondisi ini menyebabkan kelangsungan hidup mereka semakin terancam punah. [1]</div>
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Saat ini hampir semua Orangutan Sumatra hanya ditemukan di Provinsi Sumatra Utara dan Provinsi Aceh, dengan Danau Toba sebagai batas paling selatan sebarannya.[rujukan?] Hanya 2 populasi yang relatif kecil berada di sebelah barat daya [[danau], yaitu Sarulla Timur dan hutan-hutan di Batang Toru Barat.[10] Populasi orangutan terbesar di Sumatra dijumpai di Leuser Barat (2.508 individu) dan Leuser Timur (1.052 individu), serta Rawa Singkil (1.500 individu).[rujukan?]Populasi lain yang diperkirakan potensial untuk bertahan dalam jangka panjang (viable) terdapat di Batang Toru,Sumatra Utara, dengan ukuran sekitar 400 individu.[rujukan?]</div>
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Orangutan di Borneo yang dikategorikan sebagai endangered oleh IUCN terbagi dalam tiga subspesies: Orangutan di Borneo dikelompokkan ke dalam tiga anak jenis, yaitu Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus yang berada di bagian utara Sungai Kapuas sampai ke timur laut Sarawak; Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii yang ditemukan mulai dari selatan Sungai Kapuas hingga bagian barat Sungai Barito; dan Pongo pygmaeus morio.[rujukan?] Di Borneo, orangutan dapat ditemukan di Sabah, Sarawak, dan hampir seluruh hutan dataran rendah Kalimantan, kecuali Kalimantan Selatan dan Brunei Darussalam.[12] [sunting] Makanan</div>
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Meskipun orangutan termasuk hewan omnivora, sebagian besar dari mereka hanya memakan tumbuhan.[6] 90% dari makanannya berupa buah-buahan.[4] Makanannya antara lain adalah kulit pohon, dedaunan, bunga, beberapa jenis serangga, dan sekitar 300 jenis buah-buahan[13]</div>
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Selain itu mereka juga memakan nektar,madu dan jamur.[4] Mereka juga gemar makan durian, walaupun aromanya tajam, tetapi mereka menyukainya. [4]</div>
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Orangutan bahkan tidak perlu meninggalkan pohon mereka jika ingin minum. Mereka biasanya meminum air yang telah terkumpul di lubang-lubang di antara cabang pohon.[6]</div>
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Biasanya induk orangutan mengajarkan bagaimana cara mendapatkan makanan, bagaimana cara mendapatkan minuman, dan berbagai jenis pohon pada musim yang berbeda-beda.[13] Melalui ini, dapat terlihat bahwa orangutan ternyata memiliki peta lokasi hutan yang kompleks di otak mereka, sehingga mereka tidak menyia-nyiakan tenaga pada saat mencari makanan.[13] Dan anaknya juga dapat mengetahui beragam jenis pohon dan tanaman, yang mana yang bisa dimakan dan bagaimana cara memproses makanan yang terlindungi oleh cangkang dan duri yang tajam. [13] [sunting] Predator</div>
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Predator terbesar orangutan dewasa ini adalah manusia.[6] Selain manusia, predator orangutan adalah macan tutul, babi, buaya, ular phyton, dan elang hitam.[6] [sunting] Cara melindungi diri</div>
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Orangutan termasuk makhluk pemalu. Mereka jarang memperlihatkan dirinya kepada orang atau makhluk lain yang tak dikenalnya.[rujukan?] [sunting] Reproduksi</div>
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Orangutan betina biasanya melahirkan pada usia 7-10 tahun dengan lama kandungan berkisar antara 8,5 hingga 9 bulan; hampir sama dengan manusia. Jumlah bayi yang dilahirkan seorang betina biasanya hanya satu. Bayi orangutan dapat hidup mandiri pada usia 6-7 tahun. Kebergantungan orangutan pada induknya merupakan yang terlama dari semua hewan, karena ada banyak hal yang harus dipelajari untuk bisa bertahan hidup, mereka biasanya dipelihara hingga berusia 6 tahun. [8]</div>
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Orangutan berkembangbiak lebih lama dibandingkan hewan primata lainnya, orangutan betina hanya melahirkan seekor anak setiap 7-8 tahun sekali.[5] Umur orangutan di alam liar sekitar 45 tahun, dan sepanjang gidupnya orangutan betina hanya memiliki 3 keturunan seumur hidupnya.[5] Dimana itu berarti reproduksi orangutan sangat lambat.[5] [sunting] Cara bergerak</div>
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Orangutan dapat bergerak cepat dari pohon ke pohon dengan cara berayun pada cabang-cabang pohon, atau yang biasa dipanggil brachiating.[6] Mereka juga dapat berjalan dengan kedua kakinya, namun jarang sekali ditemukan. Orang utan tidak dapat berenang.[6] [sunting] Cara Hidup</div>
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Tidak seperti gorila dan simpanse, orangutan tidak hidup dalam sekawanan yang besar.[4] Mereka merupakan hewan yang semi-soliter.[4] Orangutan jantan biasanya ditemukan sendirian dan orangutan betina biasanya ditemani oleh beberapa anaknya.[4] Walaupun oranutan sering memanjat dan membangun tempat tidur dipohon, mereka pada intinya merupakan hewan terrestrial(menghabiskan hidup ditanah).[14] [sunting] Beberapa fakta menarik</div>
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<span style="color: #e6e6e6; font-family: verdana;"><span style="font-size: 11px;"><br /></span></span></div>Bagus Maulanahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/11494128227832125685noreply@blogger.com0